Polynomial meets geometry
by chirita.andrei, Apr 2, 2025, 5:42 PM
(a) Let 
be collinear points (in order) and 
a point in plane. Consider the disc 
of center and radius 
, for some 
. Prove that ![$\mathcal{D}\cap [AC]$](//latex.artofproblemsolving.com/0/5/6/0569d4130943000380a87b72be211965b5ff02ad.png)
is either the empty set or a segment of length at most 
.
(b) Let
be a positive integer and ![$P(X)\in\mathbb{C}[X]$](//latex.artofproblemsolving.com/9/9/e/99e8cde28b0b9bc9414425ebc30fa2dc0386fb37.png)
be a polynomial of degree . Prove that ![\[\sup_{x\in[0,1]}|P(x)|\le(2n+1)^{n+1}\int\limits_{0}^{1}|P(x)|\mathrm{d}x.\]](//latex.artofproblemsolving.com/9/1/6/91647cd75888c5e9d291280c8ae3f199cc6d1bfd.png)
be collinear points (in order) and 
a point in plane. Consider the disc 
of center and radius 
, for some 
. Prove that ![$\mathcal{D}\cap [AC]$](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/0/5/6/0569d4130943000380a87b72be211965b5ff02ad.png)
is either the empty set or a segment of length at most 
.(b) Let
be a positive integer and ![$P(X)\in\mathbb{C}[X]$](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/9/9/e/99e8cde28b0b9bc9414425ebc30fa2dc0386fb37.png)
be a polynomial of degree . Prove that ![\[\sup_{x\in[0,1]}|P(x)|\le(2n+1)^{n+1}\int\limits_{0}^{1}|P(x)|\mathrm{d}x.\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/9/1/6/91647cd75888c5e9d291280c8ae3f199cc6d1bfd.png)
be an odd prime number, and 
be an odd number not divisible by 
be a field with 
elements, and 
be the set of elements of 
,
.
has at least 
.
and 
be a continuous function for which there exists an antiderivative 
,
,
,
.
for all 
be a positive integer, ![$g \in \mathbb{R}[X]$](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/0/1/e/01e7ebcebcb9f16935716ee859f7acfaa66c29d4.png)
,
be a polynomial with all of its roots being real, and 
for any 
for all ![$f \colon [0,1] \to \mathbb{R} $](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/2/1/8/21859d37ed035abd07d0be112f49d52598fa477e.png)
be a differentiable function such that its derivative is an integrable function on ![$[0,1]$](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/e/8/6/e861e10e1c19918756b9c8b7717684593c63aeb8.png)
,
.![\[ \int_0^1 (xf'(x))^2 dx \geq 12 \cdot \left( \int_0^1 xf(x) dx\right)^2 \]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/2/3/e/23e33eed39fc1e20486bbb86261d3566e8fd2017.png)
be two matrices such that 
.
;
,
statements are equivalent:
is differentiable, with continuous first derivative.
and for any two sequences 
,
,
for any positive integer 
is convergent.
,
:![\[(f(x)-g(y))(f'(x)-g'(y))(f''(x)-g''(y))=0\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/0/2/9/029a935e28ca0a9b36e65702689cca91eeb8f614.png)
![$f\colon[0,1]\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/f/d/b/fdb1fb0216ab9d17007b1b7b03d20d1060b88531.png)
be a continuous function. Suppose that for each 
,![\[f_t\colon[0,1-t]\rightarrow\mathbb{R}, f_t(x)=f(x+t)-f(x)\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/4/f/c/4fc6a66d0600a999c000136a26ea23dfcc269cc3.png)
has an unique global minimum point, which we will denote by 
.
,
is constant zero.
matrices which has only 
and 
April 2021
February 2021