2020 FMC 10A Problems
Here are the problems that were on the 2020 FMC 10A.
Contents
[hide]- 1 Problem 1
- 2 Problem 2
- 3 Problem 3
- 4 Problem 4
- 5 Problem 5
- 6 Problem 6
- 7 Problem 7
- 8 Problem 8
- 9 Problem 9
- 10 Problem 10
- 11 Problem 11
- 12 Problem 12
- 13 Problem 13
- 14 Problem 14
- 15 Problem 15
- 16 Problem 16
- 17 Problem 17
- 18 Problem 18
- 19 Problem 19
- 20 Problem 20
- 21 Problem 21
- 22 Problem 22
- 23 Problem 23
- 24 Problem 24
- 25 Problem 25
Problem 1
Josh walks from his house to the store. Halfway there, he stops at the bank to get some money. Continuing his trip, he again stops halfway between the bank and the store to pick up some food from a local restaurant. Then, he decides he instead wants to go to the park and heads of the way back to his house. What fraction of the way (from his house) is he from the store now?
Problem 2
Given that the sum of the lengths of the line segments containing all six possible pairs of vertices of square is
which of these choices is the closest to the square's side length?
Problem 3
Jimmy's balancing scale is off such that on the right side, it mistakenly adds or subtracts one pound off the actual weight. Jimmy places a -pound object on the left side, and an
pound object on the right side. What is the probability Jimmy can still tell which object is heavier?
Problem 4
How many distinct real solutions are there to the equation
Problem 5
The numbers are placed in the following
tokens that are arranged in a hexagonal order. The pairwise products of all opposite tokens are all equal. Some numbers are already placed on the tokens, what is the absolute difference between the possible numbers placed on the shaded token?
Problem 6
Real numbers and
exist such that
. Find the value of
.
Problem 7
The niceness of a positive number with divisors
is equal to the value of
. Find the sum of the first three positive numbers with zero niceness.
Problem 8
Let be a parallelogram such that
,
. Furthermore, let
and
lie outside
such that
and
are equilateral. Given that
lies on the line formed by extending segment
and
lies on the line formed by sxtending segment
which of the following is closest to the area of
?
Problem 9
It is given that an arithmetic sequence satisfies that the initial term
the final term
and that
Find the minimum possible value of
Problem 10
Alpha and Beta each choose numbers and
respectively with
without telling each other. Alpha wins if
Beta chooses first. To minimize Alpha's chance of winning, what is the sum of the two numbers Beta could choose?
Problem 11
Determine the number of integers such that
is a perfect square.
Problem 12
Let denote the set of all positive integers
that satisfy
and
in base
is a four digit number that has an odd tens digit. Find the number of elements in
.
Problem 13
Let be an isosceles triangle with
and
. Let the incenter of
be
. The radius of the incircle of
can be expressed as
where
and
are positive integers with
being square-free. Find
Problem 14
Toby the ant will start at on the coordinate plane and each second, given that he is on
, he will randomly choose one point in the set
to travel to. The probability that Toby will eventually hit the origin can be expressed as
where
are relatively prime positive integers. Find
.
Problem 15
Given that the 2018 AMC 12A had an AIME cutoff of 93, let be the least AIME-qualifying score one can score on that test such that the said person's AIME score can always be uniquely determined from just looking at his/her USAMO index. Find the number of factors in
. (Note that the AMC 12 is a 25-question test giving
points for each correct answer,
points for each blank answer, and
points for each wrong answer. The AIME is a 15-question examination giving
points each correct answer and
points for each wrong or blank answer. An USAMO index is the sum of one's AMC 12 and AIME scores.)
Problem 16
Define the operator as the number of positive integers less than
that are relatively prime to
. What is the least positive integer
such that
?
Problem 17
Consider a series of consecutive days. Mitsuha and Taki will switch bodies each day with a
probability, independently from other days. The expected number of instances when Mitsuha and Taki switch bodies on two consecutive days can be expressed as
where
and
are relatively prime positive integers. Find
. (For instance, the number of such instances for the series
is
where
denotes a day with switching bodies, and
a day without switching bodies.)
Problem 18
Square has side length
, and semicircle
, which is fully contained inside
, has one vertex coinciding with
and its
-unit diameter coinciding with
. Circle
is tangent to
,
, and the circumference of semicircle
. The radius of
can be expressed as
where
are positive integers and
is square-free. Find
.
Problem 19
In a right triangle , with
, let
be one of its internal angle bisector, with
on
. Let
be the foot of altitude from
onto
. Let
meet the line
at point
. Let
be a point on
, such that
. Then,
equals
Problem 20
How many -digit multiples of
can be written in the form
where
for
?
Problem 21
In rectangle , diagonal
is drawn. Point
is selected uniformly at random on diagonal
. Suppose that the probability that the circumcenter of triangle
lies inside the rectangle is
. What is the ratio of the longer side of the rectangle to the shorter one?
Problem 22
Find the number of ordered quadruples of positive integers that satisfy
Problem 23
Let the function denote the least positive integer value of
such that
is divisible by
.
Find the remainder when
is divided by
.
Problem 24
Call a sequence of rolls generated from a standard fair
-sided die fluctuating if the
sets of two consecutive rolls, placed in order, alternately fluctuate between having a sum greater than or equal to
and having a sum less than or equal to
. For example, the sequences
and
are fluctuating, but the sequence
is not. The probability that Jamie will produce a fluctuating sequence by rolling the said die
times can be expressed as
for relatively prime positive integers
. Find the number of positive factors that
contains.
Problem 25
A company has a system of levels of authority, and each level of authority has two people. One of the rules is that a person at the
th level of authority can fire another person at a level of authority that is no greater than
. Define a firing chain as a sequence of at least one firing event such that there exist a sequence of positive integers
such that member of the
th level of authority fires a member of the
th level of authority according to the firing rules for all
Note that if a member of the company is already fired, he cannot make any more actions for the company (this includes firing). Let
be the number of possible distinct firing chains starting from the
th level of authority, or otherwise, the founder and the co-founder of the company. Find the remainder when
is divided by
.