Difference between revisions of "2012 AMC 12B Problems/Problem 21"
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Therefore <math>AZ = 29\sqrt{3} ... \framebox{A}</math> | Therefore <math>AZ = 29\sqrt{3} ... \framebox{A}</math> | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Solution 2== | ||
+ | |||
+ | First, we want to angle chase. Set <math><YXC</math> equal to <math>a</math> degrees. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Now the key idea is that you want to relate the numbers that you have. You know <math>\overline{AB} = 40</math> and that <math>\overline{EZ} + \overline{ZF} = 41(\sqrt{3}-1)</math>. We proceed with the Law of Sines. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Call the side length of the square x. Then we are going to set a constant k equal to <math>\frac{\sin 120^{\circ}}{x}</math>, and this is consistent for every triangle in the diagram because all the angles of the hexagon are equiangular (and so they are all <math>120^{\circ}</math>). | ||
+ | |||
+ | Then we get the following process: | ||
+ | <cmath>\frac{\sin(90-a)}{40} = k</cmath> | ||
+ | <cmath>\cos a = 40k</cmath> | ||
+ | |||
+ | <cmath>\frac{\sin(a-30)}{\overline{EZ}} = k</cmath> | ||
+ | <cmath>\sin(a-30) = \overline{EZ}\cdot k</cmath> | ||
+ | <cmath>\frac{\sin(60-a)}{\overline{ZF}} = k</cmath> | ||
+ | <cmath>\sin(60-a) = \overline{ZF}\cdot k</cmath> | ||
+ | <cmath>\sin(a-30) + \sin(60-a) = k\cdot 41(\sqrt{3}-1)</cmath> | ||
+ | |||
+ | And now expanding using our trig formulas, we get: | ||
+ | <cmath>(\sin a + \cos a)(\frac{\sqrt{3}-1}{2} = k\cdot 41(\sqrt{3}-1)</cmath> | ||
+ | <cmath>\sin a + \cos a = 82k</cmath> | ||
+ | <cmath>\sin a = 42k</cmath> | ||
+ | |||
+ | And so now we have a triangle where <math>\cos a = 40k</math> and <math>\sin a = 42k</math>. Put them in a triangle where the hypotenuse is 1. Then, by the Pythagorean Theorem, we get: | ||
+ | <cmath>\sqrt{(40k)^2 + (42k)^2} = 1</cmath> | ||
+ | <cmath>3364k^2 = 1</cmath> | ||
+ | <cmath>k = \frac{1}{58}</cmath> | ||
+ | |||
+ | And since <math>k = \frac{\sin(120^{\circ})}{x}</math>, then: | ||
+ | <cmath>x = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\cdot\frac{1}{58}</cmath> | ||
+ | <cmath>x = \boxed{29\sqrt{3}}</cmath> | ||
+ | |||
+ | Solution by IronicNinja | ||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
Revision as of 13:47, 25 November 2019
Contents
[hide]Problem 21
Square is inscribed in equiangular hexagon with on , on , and on . Suppose that , and . What is the side-length of the square?
(diagram by djmathman)
Solution
Extend and so that they meet at . Then , so and therefore is parallel to . Also, since is parallel and equal to , we get , hence is congruent to . We now get .
Let , , and .
Drop a perpendicular line from to the line of that meets line at , and a perpendicular line from to the line of that meets at , then is congruent to since is complementary to . Then we have the following equations:
The sum of these two yields that
So, we can now use the law of cosines in :
Therefore
Solution 2
First, we want to angle chase. Set equal to degrees.
Now the key idea is that you want to relate the numbers that you have. You know and that . We proceed with the Law of Sines.
Call the side length of the square x. Then we are going to set a constant k equal to , and this is consistent for every triangle in the diagram because all the angles of the hexagon are equiangular (and so they are all ).
Then we get the following process:
And now expanding using our trig formulas, we get:
And so now we have a triangle where and . Put them in a triangle where the hypotenuse is 1. Then, by the Pythagorean Theorem, we get:
And since , then:
Solution by IronicNinja
See Also
2012 AMC 12B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | |
Preceded by Problem 20 |
Followed by Problem 22 |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25 | |
All AMC 12 Problems and Solutions |
The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions.