# Difference between revisions of "2003 AMC 10B Problems/Problem 20"

The following problem is from both the 2003 AMC 12B #14 and 2003 AMC 10B #20, so both problems redirect to this page.

## Problem

In rectangle $ABCD, AB=5$ and $BC=3$. Points $F$ and $G$ are on $\overline{CD}$ so that $DF=1$ and $GC=2$. Lines $AF$ and $BG$ intersect at $E$. Find the area of $\triangle AEB$.

$[asy] unitsize(8mm); defaultpen(linewidth(.8pt)+fontsize(10pt)); dotfactor=0; pair A=(0,0), B=(5,0), C=(5,3), D=(0,3); pair F=(1,3), G=(3,3); pair E=(5/3,5); draw(A--B--C--D--cycle); draw(A--E); draw(B--E); pair[] ps={A,B,C,D,E,F,G}; dot(ps); label("A",A,SW); label("B",B,SE); label("C",C,NE); label("D",D,NW); label("E",E,N); label("F",F,SE); label("G",G,SW); label("1",midpoint(D--F),N); label("2",midpoint(G--C),N); label("5",midpoint(A--B),S); label("3",midpoint(A--D),W); [/asy]$

$\textbf{(A) } 10 \qquad\textbf{(B) } \frac{21}{2} \qquad\textbf{(C) } 12 \qquad\textbf{(D) } \frac{25}{2} \qquad\textbf{(E) } 15$

## Solution 1

$\triangle EFG \sim \triangle EAB$ because $FG \parallel AB.$ The ratio of $\triangle EFG$ to $\triangle EAB$ is $2:5$ since $AB=5$ and $FG=2$ from subtraction. If we let $h$ be the height of $\triangle EAB,$

$$\frac{2}{5} = \frac{h-3}{h}$$ $$2h = 5h-15$$ $$3h = 15$$ $$h = 5$$

The height is $5$ so the area of $\triangle EAB$ is $\frac{1}{2}(5)(5) = \boxed{\textbf{(D)}\ \frac{25}{2}}$.

## Solution 2

We can look at this diagram as if it were a coordinate plane with point $A$ being $(0,0)$. This means that the equation of the line $AE$ is $y=3x$ and the equation of the line $EB$ is $y=\frac{-3}{2}x+\frac{15}{2}$. From this we can set of the follow equation to find the $x$ coordinate of point $E$:

$$3x=\frac{-3}{2}x+\frac{15}{2}$$ $$6x=-3x+15$$ $$9x=15$$ $$x=\frac{5}{3}$$

We can plug this into one of our original equations to find that the $y$ coordinate is $5$, meaning the area of $\triangle EAB$ is $\frac{1}{2}(5)(5) = \boxed{\textbf{(D)}\ \frac{25}{2}}$

## Solution 3

At points $A$ and $B$, segment $AE$ is 5 units from segment $BE$. At points $F$ and $G$, the segments are 2 units from each other. This means that collectively, the two lines closed the distance between them by 3 units over a height of 3 units. Therefore, to close the next two units of distance, they will have to travel a height of 2 units.

Then calculate the area of trapezoid $FGBA$ and triangle $EGF$ separately and add them. The area of the trapezoid is $\frac {2+5}{2}\cdot 3 = \frac {21}{2}$ and the area of the triangle is $\frac{1}{2}\cdot 2 \cdot 2 = 2$. $\frac{21}{2}+2=\boxed{\textbf{(D)}\ \frac{25}{2}}$

## Solution 4

Since $\Delta{ABE}\sim{\Delta{FGE}}$ then $[AFGB]\sim{[FXYG]}$, where $X$ and $Y$ are ponts on $EF$ and $EG$ respectivley which make the areas similar. This process can be done over and over again multiple times by the ratio of $\frac{FG}{AB}=\frac{2}{5}$, or something like this $$[AEB]=[AFGB]+[FXYZ]+...$$$$[AEB]=[AFGB]+\frac{2}{5}[AFGB]+(\frac{2}{5})^2[AFGB]+...$$we have to find the ratio of the areas when the sides have shrunk by length $\frac{2}{5}l$ [asy] unitsize(0.6 cm);

pair A, B, C, D, E, F, G;

A = (0,0); B = (5,0); C = (5,3); D = (0,3); F = (1,3); G = (3,3); E = extension(A,F,B,G);

draw(A--B--C--D--cycle); draw(A--E--B);

label("$A$", A, SW); label("$B$", B, SE); label("$C$", C, NE); label("$D$", D, NW); label("$E$", E, N); label("$F$", F, SE); label("$G$", G, SW); label("$2/5$", (D + F)/2, N); label("$4/5$", (G + C)/2, N); label("$6/5$", (B + C)/2, dir(0)); label("$6/5$", (A + D)/2, W); label("$2$", (A + B)/2, S); [/asy] Let $[AFGB]'$ be the area of the shape whose length is $\frac{2}{5}l$ $$[AFGB]'=[ADCB]-[ADF]-[BCG]$$$$[AFGB]'=12/5-6/25-12/25$$$$[AFGB]'=42/25$$Now comparing the ratios of $[AFGB]'$ to $[AFGB]$ we get $$\frac{[AFGB]'}{[AFGB]}=\frac{42}{25}/\frac{21}{2}\implies \frac{[AFGB]'}{[AFGB]}=\frac{4}{25}$$By applying an infinite summation $$[AEB]=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{21}{2}\cdot{(\frac{4}{25})^n}$$$$S=\frac{a_1}{1-r}$$$$\boxed{[AEB]=\frac{25}{2}}$$