Difference between revisions of "2005 AMC 12B Problems/Problem 14"

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== Problem ==
 
== Problem ==
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A circle having center <math>(0,k)</math>, with <math>k>6</math>, is tangent to the lines <math>y=x</math>, <math>y=-x</math> and <math>y=6</math>. What is the radius of this circle?
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<math>
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\mathrm{(A)}\ 6\sqrt{2}-6 \qquad
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\mathrm{(B)}\ 6 \qquad
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\mathrm{(C)}\ 6\sqrt{2} \qquad
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\mathrm{(D)}\ 12 \qquad
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\mathrm{(E)}\ 6+6\sqrt{2}
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</math>
  
 
== Solution ==
 
== Solution ==
 +
Let <math>R</math> be the radius of the circle. Draw the two radii that meet the points of tangency to the lines <math>y = \pm x</math>. We can see that a square is formed by the origin, two tangency points, and the center of the circle. The side lengths of this square are <math>R</math> and the diagonal is <math>k = R+6</math>. The diagonal of a square is <math>\sqrt{2}</math> times the side length. Therefore, <math>R+6 = R\sqrt{2} \Rightarrow R = \dfrac{6}{\sqrt{2}-1} = 6+6\sqrt{2} \Rightarrow \boxed{\mathrm{E}}</math>.
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<center>
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<asy>
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real Xmin,Xmax,Ymin,Ymax;
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real R = 6+6*sqrt(2);
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Xmin = -16; Xmax = 16; Ymin = -4; Ymax = 40;
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xaxis(Xmin,Xmax,Arrows);
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yaxis(Ymin,Ymax,Arrows);
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label("$x$",(Xmax+0.25,0),S);
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label("$y$",(0,Ymax+0.25),E);
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draw((Xmin,-Xmin)--(-Ymin,Ymin));
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draw((Xmax,Xmax)--(Ymin,Ymin));
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draw((Xmin,6)--(Xmax,6));
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dot((0,0)); dot((R/sqrt(2),R/sqrt(2))); dot((-R/sqrt(2),R/sqrt(2))); dot((0,R*sqrt(2)));
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draw((0,0)--(R/sqrt(2),R/sqrt(2))--(0,R*sqrt(2))--(-R/sqrt(2),R/sqrt(2))--(0,0));
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draw(Circle((0,6+R),R));
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label("$R$",(0,6+R/2),(0,0));
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label("$R$",(-R/(2*sqrt(2)),3*R/(2*sqrt(2))),0.5*NW);
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label("$R$",(R/(2*sqrt(2)),3*R/(2*sqrt(2))),0.5*NE);
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label("$R$",(-R/(2*sqrt(2)),R/(2*sqrt(2))),0.5*SW);
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label("$R$",(R/(2*sqrt(2)),R/(2*sqrt(2))),0.5*SE);
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label("$6$",(0,3),(0,0));
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</asy>
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</center>
  
 
== See also ==
 
== See also ==
* [[2005 AMC 12B Problems]]
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{{AMC12 box|year=2005|ab=B|num-b=13|num-a=15}}
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{{MAA Notice}}

Latest revision as of 21:12, 24 December 2020

Problem

A circle having center $(0,k)$, with $k>6$, is tangent to the lines $y=x$, $y=-x$ and $y=6$. What is the radius of this circle?

$\mathrm{(A)}\ 6\sqrt{2}-6 \qquad \mathrm{(B)}\ 6 \qquad \mathrm{(C)}\ 6\sqrt{2} \qquad \mathrm{(D)}\ 12 \qquad \mathrm{(E)}\ 6+6\sqrt{2}$

Solution

Let $R$ be the radius of the circle. Draw the two radii that meet the points of tangency to the lines $y = \pm x$. We can see that a square is formed by the origin, two tangency points, and the center of the circle. The side lengths of this square are $R$ and the diagonal is $k = R+6$. The diagonal of a square is $\sqrt{2}$ times the side length. Therefore, $R+6 = R\sqrt{2} \Rightarrow R = \dfrac{6}{\sqrt{2}-1} = 6+6\sqrt{2} \Rightarrow \boxed{\mathrm{E}}$.

[asy] real Xmin,Xmax,Ymin,Ymax; real R = 6+6*sqrt(2); Xmin = -16; Xmax = 16; Ymin = -4; Ymax = 40; xaxis(Xmin,Xmax,Arrows); yaxis(Ymin,Ymax,Arrows);  label("$x$",(Xmax+0.25,0),S); label("$y$",(0,Ymax+0.25),E); draw((Xmin,-Xmin)--(-Ymin,Ymin)); draw((Xmax,Xmax)--(Ymin,Ymin)); draw((Xmin,6)--(Xmax,6)); dot((0,0)); dot((R/sqrt(2),R/sqrt(2))); dot((-R/sqrt(2),R/sqrt(2))); dot((0,R*sqrt(2))); draw((0,0)--(R/sqrt(2),R/sqrt(2))--(0,R*sqrt(2))--(-R/sqrt(2),R/sqrt(2))--(0,0)); draw(Circle((0,6+R),R)); label("$R$",(0,6+R/2),(0,0));  label("$R$",(-R/(2*sqrt(2)),3*R/(2*sqrt(2))),0.5*NW);  label("$R$",(R/(2*sqrt(2)),3*R/(2*sqrt(2))),0.5*NE); label("$R$",(-R/(2*sqrt(2)),R/(2*sqrt(2))),0.5*SW);  label("$R$",(R/(2*sqrt(2)),R/(2*sqrt(2))),0.5*SE); label("$6$",(0,3),(0,0)); [/asy]

See also

2005 AMC 12B (ProblemsAnswer KeyResources)
Preceded by
Problem 13
Followed by
Problem 15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
All AMC 12 Problems and Solutions

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