2006 AIME II Problems/Problem 12

Revision as of 11:42, 2 April 2020 by Srisainandan6 (talk | contribs) (Solution 2: Analytic Geometry/Cord Bash)

Problem

Equilateral $\triangle ABC$ is inscribed in a circle of radius $2$. Extend $\overline{AB}$ through $B$ to point $D$ so that $AD=13,$ and extend $\overline{AC}$ through $C$ to point $E$ so that $AE = 11.$ Through $D,$ draw a line $l_1$ parallel to $\overline{AE},$ and through $E,$ draw a line $l_2$ parallel to $\overline{AD}.$ Let $F$ be the intersection of $l_1$ and $l_2.$ Let $G$ be the point on the circle that is collinear with $A$ and $F$ and distinct from $A.$ Given that the area of $\triangle CBG$ can be expressed in the form $\frac{p\sqrt{q}}{r},$ where $p, q,$ and $r$ are positive integers, $p$ and $r$ are relatively prime, and $q$ is not divisible by the square of any prime, find $p+q+r.$

Solution

[asy] size(250); pointpen = black; pathpen = black + linewidth(0.65); pen s = fontsize(8); pair A=(0,0),B=(-3^.5,-3),C=(3^.5,-3),D=13*expi(-2*pi/3),E1=11*expi(-pi/3),F=E1+D; path O = CP((0,-2),A); pair G = OP(A--F,O); D(MP("A",A,N,s)--MP("B",B,W,s)--MP("C",C,E,s)--cycle);D(O); D(B--MP("D",D,W,s)--MP("F",F,s)--MP("E",E1,E,s)--C); D(A--F);D(B--MP("G",G,SW,s)--C); MP("11",(A+E1)/2,NE);MP("13",(A+D)/2,NW);MP("l_1",(D+F)/2,SW);MP("l_2",(E1+F)/2,SE); [/asy]

Notice that $\angle{E} = \angle{BGC} = 120^\circ$ because $\angle{A} = 60^\circ$. Also, $\angle{GBC} = \angle{GAC} = \angle{FAE}$ because they both correspond to arc ${GC}$. So $\Delta{GBC} \sim \Delta{EAF}$.

\[[EAF] = \frac12 (AE)(EF)\sin \angle AEF  = \frac12\cdot11\cdot13\cdot\sin{120^\circ} = \frac {143\sqrt3}4.\]

Because the ratio of the area of two similar figures is the square of the ratio of the corresponding sides, $[GBC] = \frac {BC^2}{AF^2}\cdot[EAF] = \frac {12}{11^2 + 13^2 - 2\cdot11\cdot13\cdot\cos120^\circ}\cdot\frac {143\sqrt3}4 = \frac {429\sqrt3}{433}$. Therefore, the answer is $429+433+3=\boxed{865}$.

Solution 2: Analytic Geometry/Cord Bash

Solution by e_power_pi_times_i/edited by srisainandan6

Let the center of the circle be $O$ and the origin. Then, $A (0,2)$, $B (-\sqrt{3}, -1)$, $C (\sqrt{3}, -1)$. $D$ and $E$ can be calculated easily knowing $AD$ and $AE$, $D (-\dfrac{13}{2}, \dfrac{-13\sqrt{3}+4}{2})$, $E (\dfrac{11}{2}, \dfrac{-11\sqrt{3}+4}{2})$. As $DF$ and $EF$ are parallel to $AE$ and $AD$, $F (-1, -12\sqrt{3}+2)$. $G$ and $A$ is the intersection between $AF$ and circle $O$. Therefore $G (-\dfrac{48\sqrt{3}}{433}, -\dfrac{862}{433})$. Using the Shoelace Theorem, $[CBG] = \dfrac{429\sqrt{3}}{433}$, so the answer is $\boxed{865}$. Note that although the solution may appear short, actually getting all the coordinates take a while as there is plenty of computation

Solution 3: Trig

Lines $l_1$ and $l_2$ are constructed such that $AEFD$ is a parallelogram, hence $DF = 13$. Since $BAC$ is equilateral with angle of $60^{\circ}$, angle $D$ is $120^{\circ}$. Use law of cosines to find $AF = \sqrt{433}$. Then use law of sines to find angle $BAG$ and $GAC$. Next we use Ptolemy's Theorem on $ABGC$ to find that $CG + BG = AG$. Next we use law of cosine on triangles $BAG$ and $GAC$, solving for BG and CG respectively. Subtract the two equations and divide out a $BG + CG$ to find the value of $CG - BG$. Next, $AG = 2\cdot R \cos{\theta}$, where R is radius of circle $= 2$ and $\theta =$ angle $BAG$. We already know sine of the angle so find cosine, hence we have found $AG$. At this point it is system of equation yielding $CG = \frac{26\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{433}}$ and $BG = \frac{22\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{433}}$. Given $[CBG] = \frac{BC \cdot CG \cdot BG}{4R}$, and $BC = 2\sqrt{3}$ by $30-60-90$ triangle, we can evaluate to find $[CBG] = \frac{429\sqrt{3}}{433}$, to give answer = $\boxed{865}$. The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions. AMC logo.png

See also

2006 AIME II (ProblemsAnswer KeyResources)
Preceded by
Problem 11
Followed by
Problem 13
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
All AIME Problems and Solutions

The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions. AMC logo.png