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Difference between revisions of "2006 AMC 10B Problems/Problem 19"

 
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== Problem ==
 
== Problem ==
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A circle of radius <math>2</math> is centered at <math>O</math>. Square <math>OABC</math> has side length <math>1</math>. Sides <math>AB</math> and <math>CB</math> are extended past <math>B</math> to meet the circle at <math>D</math> and <math>E</math>, respectively. What is the area of the shaded region in the figure, which is bounded by <math>BD</math>, <math>BE</math>, and the minor arc connecting <math>D</math> and <math>E</math>?
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[[Image:2006amc10b19.gif]]
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<math> \mathrm{(A) \ } \frac{\pi}{3}+1-\sqrt{3}\qquad \mathrm{(B) \ } \frac{\pi}{2}(2-\sqrt{3})
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\qquad \mathrm{(C) \ } \pi(2-\sqrt{3})\qquad \mathrm{(D) \ } \frac{\pi}{6}+\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2}\qquad \mathrm{(E) \ } \frac{\pi}{3}-1+\sqrt{3} </math>
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== Solution ==
 
== Solution ==
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The shaded area is equivilant to the area of sector <math>DOE</math> minus the area of triangle <math>DOE</math> plus the area of triangle <math>DBE</math>.
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Using the Pythagorean Theorem:
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<math>(DA)^2=(CE)^2=2^2-1^2=3</math>
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<math>DA=CE=\sqrt{3}</math>
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Clearly <math>DOA</math> and <math>EOC</math> are <math>30-60-90</math> triangles with <math>\angle EOC = \angle DOA = 60^\circ </math>
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Since <math>OABC</math> is a square, <math> \angle COA = 90^\circ </math>
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<math>\angle DOE</math> can be found by doing some subtraction of angles.
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<math> \angle COA - \angle DOA = \angle EOA </math>
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<math>  90^\circ - 60^\circ = \angle EOA = 30^\circ </math>
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<math> \angle DOA - \angle EOA = \angle DOE </math>
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<math>  60^\circ - 30^\circ = \angle DOE = 30^\circ </math>
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So the area of sector <math>DOE</math> is <math> \frac{30}{360} \cdot \pi \cdot 2^2 = \frac{\pi}{3} </math>
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The area of triangle <math>DOE</math> is <math> \frac{1}{2}\cdot 2 \cdot 2 \cdot \sin 30^\circ = 1 </math>
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Since <math>AB=CB=1</math> , <math>DB=ED=(\sqrt{3}-1)</math>
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So the area of triangle <math>DBE</math> is <math>\frac{1}{2} \cdot (\sqrt{3}-1)^2 = 2-\sqrt{3}</math>
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Therefore, the shaded area is <math> (\frac{\pi}{3}) - (1) + (2-\sqrt{3}) = \frac{\pi}{3}+1-\sqrt{3} \Rightarrow A </math>
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== See Also ==
 
== See Also ==
 
*[[2006 AMC 10B Problems]]
 
*[[2006 AMC 10B Problems]]

Revision as of 00:12, 14 July 2006

Problem

A circle of radius $2$ is centered at $O$. Square $OABC$ has side length $1$. Sides $AB$ and $CB$ are extended past $B$ to meet the circle at $D$ and $E$, respectively. What is the area of the shaded region in the figure, which is bounded by $BD$, $BE$, and the minor arc connecting $D$ and $E$?

2006amc10b19.gif

$\mathrm{(A) \ } \frac{\pi}{3}+1-\sqrt{3}\qquad \mathrm{(B) \ } \frac{\pi}{2}(2-\sqrt{3}) \qquad \mathrm{(C) \ } \pi(2-\sqrt{3})\qquad \mathrm{(D) \ } \frac{\pi}{6}+\frac{\sqrt{3}+1}{2}\qquad \mathrm{(E) \ } \frac{\pi}{3}-1+\sqrt{3}$

Solution

The shaded area is equivilant to the area of sector $DOE$ minus the area of triangle $DOE$ plus the area of triangle $DBE$.

Using the Pythagorean Theorem:

$(DA)^2=(CE)^2=2^2-1^2=3$

$DA=CE=\sqrt{3}$

Clearly $DOA$ and $EOC$ are $30-60-90$ triangles with $\angle EOC = \angle DOA = 60^\circ$

Since $OABC$ is a square, $\angle COA = 90^\circ$

$\angle DOE$ can be found by doing some subtraction of angles.

$\angle COA - \angle DOA = \angle EOA$

$90^\circ - 60^\circ = \angle EOA = 30^\circ$

$\angle DOA - \angle EOA = \angle DOE$

$60^\circ - 30^\circ = \angle DOE = 30^\circ$

So the area of sector $DOE$ is $\frac{30}{360} \cdot \pi \cdot 2^2 = \frac{\pi}{3}$

The area of triangle $DOE$ is $\frac{1}{2}\cdot 2 \cdot 2 \cdot \sin 30^\circ = 1$

Since $AB=CB=1$ , $DB=ED=(\sqrt{3}-1)$

So the area of triangle $DBE$ is $\frac{1}{2} \cdot (\sqrt{3}-1)^2 = 2-\sqrt{3}$

Therefore, the shaded area is $(\frac{\pi}{3}) - (1) + (2-\sqrt{3}) = \frac{\pi}{3}+1-\sqrt{3} \Rightarrow A$

See Also

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