2006 iTest Problems/Problem 10

Revision as of 18:24, 19 March 2020 by Someonenumber011 (talk | contribs) (Solution)

Solution

The pattern for $64$ rows of Pascal's Triangle with the multiples of $4$ colored red is here: http://www.catsindrag.co.uk/pascal/?r=64&m=4 There are five different figures in this triangle.

$1.$ The black triangles with $3$ red dots in them. There are $27$ of these.

$2.$ The three small red triangles with a dot in the middle separated by black in between. There are $9$ of these.

$3.$ The three red dots with a red triangle in the middle separated by black in between. There are $6$ of these.

$4.$ The medium red triangles. There are $10$ of these.

$5.$ The large red triangles. There are $3$ of these.

For the first figure, there are $3$ multiples of $4$ represented by the three red dots.

For the second figure, notice the first one of those is on the $8$th row, meaning there are $9$ total numbers in that row. Then subtract the $3$ black numbers to get $6$ multiples, but that's for both of those lines, so each one is $3$ numbers long. The number of red numbers in the row of the triangle below that one is $2$ numbers long and the last row has $1$ number. Each one of those triangles therefore has $3+2+1=6$ numbers. In each copy of this figure, there are three of these triangles and a single dot adding to $19$ numbers.

For the third figure, there is one of the smaller triangles from the previous figure and three dots adding to $9$ numbers.

For the fourth figure, notice the first one of these triangles is on the $16$th row so there are 17 numbers in that row. Subtract three for $14$ numbers in total for the tops of those two triangles and $7$ for one of them. Once again, that means one triangle has $7$ on the first row, $6$ on the second, until $1$ on the last row. This adds to a total of $7+6+5+4+3+2+1=\frac{(7)(8)}{2}=28$ Since each of these figures are only one triangle, there are $28$ numbers.

For the fifth figure, we use the same logic to find that each large triangle has $15+14+...+1=120$ numbers