Difference between revisions of "2008 AMC 10A Problems/Problem 20"

Revision as of 02:53, 27 January 2022

Problem

Trapezoid $ABCD$ has bases $\overline{AB}$ and $\overline{CD}$ and diagonals intersecting at $K.$ Suppose that $AB = 9$ , $DC = 12$ , and the area of $\triangle AKD$ is $24.$ What is the area of trapezoid $ABCD$ ?

$\mathrm{(A)}\ 92\qquad\mathrm{(B)}\ 94\qquad\mathrm{(C)}\ 96\qquad\mathrm{(D)}\ 98 \qquad\mathrm{(E)}\ 100$

Solution

Solution 1

$[asy] pointpen = black; pathpen = black + linewidth(0.62); /* cse5 */ pen sm = fontsize(10); /* small font pen */ pair D=(0,0),C=(12,0), K=(7,16/3); /* note that K.x is arbitrary, as generator for A,B */ pair A=7*K/4-3*C/4, B=7*K/4-3*D/4; D(MP("A",A,N)--MP("B",B,N)--MP("C",C)--MP("D",D)--A--C);D(B--D);D(A--MP("K",K)--D--cycle,linewidth(0.7)); MP("9",(A+B)/2,N,sm);MP("12",(C+D)/2,sm);MP("24",(A+D)/2+(1,0),E); [/asy]$

Since $\overline{AB} \parallel \overline{DC}$ it follows that $\triangle ABK \sim \triangle CDK$ . Thus $\frac{KA}{KC} = \frac{KB}{KD} = \frac{AB}{DC} = \frac{3}{4}$ .

We now introduce the concept of area ratios: given two triangles that share the same height, the ratio of the areas is equal to the ratio of their bases. Since $\triangle AKB, \triangle AKD$ share a common altitude to $\overline{BD}$ , it follows that (we let $[\triangle \ldots]$ denote the area of the triangle) $\frac{[\triangle AKB]}{[\triangle AKD]} = \frac{KB}{KD} = \frac{3}{4}$ , so $[\triangle AKB] = \frac{3}{4}(24) = 18$ . Similarly, we find $[\triangle DKC] = \frac{4}{3}(24) = 32$ and $[\triangle BKC] = 24$ .

Therefore, the area of $ABCD = [AKD] + [AKB] + [BKC] + [CKD] = 24 + 18 + 24 + 32 = 98\ \mathrm{(D)}$ .

Solution 2

We denote $KA$ with length $x$ and $KD$ with length $\frac{4x}{3}$ (which follows from similar triangles), and we denote $\angle{AKD}=\theta$ . Note that $\frac{4x^2}{3}\cdot \sin\theta=48\implies 4x^2\cdot \sin\theta=36$ . The areas of triangles $ABK$ and $CDK$ combined are $\frac{x^2\cdot\sin\theta+\frac{16x^2}{9}\cdot\sin\theta}{2}=\frac{25x^2}{18}\cdot\sin\theta=36\cdot\frac{25}{18}=50$ . Thus, $[ABCD]=[ABK]+[BCK]+[CDK]+[ADK]=48+50=98\ \mathrm{(D)}$ , as desired. -mop

@@ Line 20: / Line 20: @@
 Therefore, the area of <math>ABCD = [AKD] + [AKB] + [BKC] + [CKD] = 24 + 18 + 24 + 32 = 98\ \mathrm{(D)}</math>.
 ==Solution 2==
-We denote <math>KA</math> with length <math>x</math> and <math>KD</math> with length <math>\frac{4x}{3}</math> (which follows from similar triangles), and we denote <math>\angle{AKD}=\theta</math>. Note that <math>\frac{4x^2}{3}\cdot \sin\theta=48\implies 4x^2\cdot \sin\theta=36</math>. The areas of triangles <math>ABK</math> and <math>CDK</math> combined are <math>\frac{x^2\cdot\sin\theta+\frac{16x^2}{9}\cdot\sin\theta}{2}=\frac{25x^2}{18}\cdot\sin\theta=36\cdot\frac{25}{18}=50</math>. Thus, <math>[ABCD]=[ABK]+[BCK]+[CDK]+[ADK]=48+50=98</math>, as desired.
+We denote <math>KA</math> with length <math>x</math> and <math>KD</math> with length <math>\frac{4x}{3}</math> (which follows from similar triangles), and we denote <math>\angle{AKD}=\theta</math>. Note that <math>\frac{4x^2}{3}\cdot \sin\theta=48\implies 4x^2\cdot \sin\theta=36</math>. The areas of triangles <math>ABK</math> and <math>CDK</math> combined are <math>\frac{x^2\cdot\sin\theta+\frac{16x^2}{9}\cdot\sin\theta}{2}=\frac{25x^2}{18}\cdot\sin\theta=36\cdot\frac{25}{18}=50</math>. Thus, <math>[ABCD]=[ABK]+[BCK]+[CDK]+[ADK]=48+50=98\ \mathrm{(D)}</math>, as desired.
+-mop
 ==See also==

2008 AMC 10A (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by Problem 19	Followed by Problem 21
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25
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