Difference between revisions of "2008 AMC 12A Problems/Problem 16"

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Revision as of 21:36, 3 July 2013

Problem

The numbers $\log(a^3b^7)$, $\log(a^5b^{12})$, and $\log(a^8b^{15})$ are the first three terms of an arithmetic sequence, and the $12^\text{th}$ term of the sequence is $\log{b^n}$. What is $n$?

$\mathrm{(A)}\ 40\qquad\mathrm{(B)}\ 56\qquad\mathrm{(C)}\ 76\qquad\mathrm{(D)}\ 112\qquad\mathrm{(E)}\ 143$

Solution

Solution 1

Let $A = \log(a)$ and $B = \log(b)$.

The first three terms of the arithmetic sequence are $3A + 7B$, $5A + 12B$, and $8A + 15B$, and the $12^\text{th}$ term is $nB$.

Thus, $2(5A + 12B) = (3A + 7B) + (8A + 15B) \Rightarrow A = 2B$.

Since the first three terms in the sequence are $13B$, $22B$, and $31B$, the $k$th term is $(9k + 4)B$.

Thus the $12^\text{th}$ term is $(9\cdot12 + 4)B = 112B = nB \Rightarrow n = 112\Rightarrow D$.

Solution 2

If $\log(a^3b^7)$, $\log(a^5b^{12})$, and $\log(a^8b^{15})$ are in arithmetic progression, then $a^3b^7$, $a^5b^{12}$, and $a^8b^{15}$ are in geometric progression. Therefore,

\[a^2b^5=a^3b^3 \Rightarrow a=b^2\]

Therefore, $a^3b^7=b^{13}$, $a^5b^{12}=b^{22}$, therefore the 12th term in the sequence is $b^{13+9*11}=b^{112} \Rightarrow D$

See Also

2008 AMC 12A (ProblemsAnswer KeyResources)
Preceded by
Problem 15
Followed by
Problem 17
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
All AMC 12 Problems and Solutions

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