Difference between revisions of "2009 AMC 10A Problems/Problem 5"

(Solution 4)
(c/e)
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==Solution 4==
 
==Solution 4==
 
We can also do something a little bit more clever rather than just adding up the digits though. Realize too that
 
We can also do something a little bit more clever rather than just adding up the digits though. Realize too that
==<math>1^2 = 1</math>==
 
  
==<math>11^2 = 121</math>==
+
<math>1^2 = 1</math>
  
==<math>111^2 = 12321</math>==
+
<math>11^2 = 121</math>
  
==<math>1,111^2 = 1234321</math>==
+
<math>111^2 = 12321</math>
 +
 
 +
<math>1,111^2 = 1234321</math>
  
 
We clearly see the pattern, the number of digits determines how high the number goes, as with <math>111^2</math>, it has <math>3</math> digits so it goes up to <math>1,2,3</math> then decreases back down. If we start adding up the digits, we see that the first one is <math>1</math>, the second is <math>2 + 1 + 1 = 4</math>, the third one is <math>1 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 9</math>, and the fourth one is <math>16</math>. We instantly see a pattern and find that these are all square numbers. If the number you square has <math>4</math> digits, you do <math>4^2</math> to see what the added digits of that particular square will be. In this case, we are dealing with <math>111,111,111</math> which has <math>9</math> digits so <math>9^2</math> equals <math>81\longrightarrow \fbox{E}</math>
 
We clearly see the pattern, the number of digits determines how high the number goes, as with <math>111^2</math>, it has <math>3</math> digits so it goes up to <math>1,2,3</math> then decreases back down. If we start adding up the digits, we see that the first one is <math>1</math>, the second is <math>2 + 1 + 1 = 4</math>, the third one is <math>1 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 9</math>, and the fourth one is <math>16</math>. We instantly see a pattern and find that these are all square numbers. If the number you square has <math>4</math> digits, you do <math>4^2</math> to see what the added digits of that particular square will be. In this case, we are dealing with <math>111,111,111</math> which has <math>9</math> digits so <math>9^2</math> equals <math>81\longrightarrow \fbox{E}</math>

Revision as of 22:15, 22 July 2018

Problem

What is the sum of the digits of the square of $\text 111,111,111$?

$\mathrm{(A)}\ 18\qquad\mathrm{(B)}\ 27\qquad\mathrm{(C)}\ 45\qquad\mathrm{(D)}\ 63\qquad\mathrm{(E)}\ 81$

Solution 1

Using the standard multiplication algorithm, $\text 111,111,111^2=12,345,678,987,654,321,$ whose digit sum is $81\longrightarrow \fbox{E}.$ (I hope you didn't seriously multiply it outright... ;) )

Solution 2(Pattern)

Note that:

$11^2 = 121 \\ 111^2 = 12321 \\ 1111^2 = 1234321$

We see a pattern and find that $111,111,111^2=12,345,678,987,654,321$ whose digit sum is $81\longrightarrow \fbox{E}.$

Solution 3

You can see that $111*111$ can be written as

$111+1110+11100$, which is $12321$. We can apply the same fact into 111,111,111, receiving $111111111+1111111110+11111111100... = 12,345,678,987,654,321$ whose digits sum up to $81\longrightarrow \fbox{E}.$

Solution 4

We can also do something a little bit more clever rather than just adding up the digits though. Realize too that

$1^2 = 1$

$11^2 = 121$

$111^2 = 12321$

$1,111^2 = 1234321$

We clearly see the pattern, the number of digits determines how high the number goes, as with $111^2$, it has $3$ digits so it goes up to $1,2,3$ then decreases back down. If we start adding up the digits, we see that the first one is $1$, the second is $2 + 1 + 1 = 4$, the third one is $1 + 2 + 3 + 2 + 1 = 9$, and the fourth one is $16$. We instantly see a pattern and find that these are all square numbers. If the number you square has $4$ digits, you do $4^2$ to see what the added digits of that particular square will be. In this case, we are dealing with $111,111,111$ which has $9$ digits so $9^2$ equals $81\longrightarrow \fbox{E}$

See also

2009 AMC 10A (ProblemsAnswer KeyResources)
Preceded by
Problem 4
Followed by
Problem 6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions

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