Difference between revisions of "2011 AIME II Problems/Problem 8"

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Problem:
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== Problem ==
  
Let z_{1}, z_{}2, ... , z_{12} be the 12 zeros of the polynomial z^12-2^36. For each j, let w_{j }be one of z_{j} or ''i''z_{j}. Then the maximum possible value of the real part of (somebody who knows how please create in an equation) SUM j=1 to 12 (w_{j})
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Let <math>z_1,z_2,z_3,\dots,z_{12}</math> be the 12 zeroes of the polynomial <math>z^{12}-2^{36}</math>. For each <math>j</math>, let <math>w_j</math> be one of <math>z_j</math> or <math>i z_j</math>. Then the maximum possible value of the real part of <math>\displaystyle\sum_{j=1}^{12} w_j</math> can be written as <math>m+\sqrt{n}</math> where <math>m</math> and <math>n</math> are positive integers. Find <math>m+n</math>.
can be written as m+root(n), where m and n are positive integers. Find m+n.
 
  
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== Solution ==
Solution:
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<center>[[File:2011_AIME_II_-8.png‎]]</center>
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The twelve dots above represent the <math>12</math> roots of the equation <math>z^{12}-2^{36}=0</math>. If we write <math>z=a+bi</math>, then the real part of <math>z</math> is <math>a</math> and the real part of <math>iz</math> is <math>-b</math>. The blue dots represent those roots <math>z</math> for which the real part of <math>z</math> is greater than the real part of <math>iz</math>, and the red dots represent those roots <math>z</math> for which the real part of <math>iz</math> is greater than the real part of <math>z</math>. Now, the sum of the real parts of the blue dots is easily seen to be <math>8+16\cos\frac{\pi}{6}=8+8\sqrt{3}</math> and the negative of the sum of the imaginary parts of the red dots is easily seen to also be <math>8+8\sqrt{3}</math>. Hence our desired sum is <math>16+16\sqrt{3}=16+\sqrt{768}</math>, giving the answer <math>\boxed{784}.</math>
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== Solution 2 ==
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The equation <math>z^{12}-2^{36}=0</math> can be factored as follows:
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<cmath>(z^6-2^{18})(z^6+2^{18})=0</cmath>
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<cmath>(z^2-2^6)(z^2+2^6)({(z^2+2^6)}^2-z^2\cdot2^6)({(z^2-2^6)}^2+z^2\cdot2^6)=0</cmath>
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<cmath>(z^2-2^6)(z^2+2^6)(z^2+2^6-z\cdot2^3)(z^2+2^6+z\cdot2^3) (z^2-2^6-iz\cdot2^3)(z^2-2^6+i z\cdot2^3)=0</cmath>
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Since this is a 12th degree equation, there are 12 roots. Also, since each term in the equation is even, the positive or negative value of each root is another root. That would mean there are 6 roots that can be multiplied by <math>-1</math> and since we have 6 factors, that’s 1 root per factor. We just need to solve for <math>z</math> in each factor and pick whether or not to multiply by <math>i</math> and <math>-1</math> for each one depending on the one that yields the highest real value. After that process, we get <math>8+8+2((4\sqrt{3}+4)+(4\sqrt{3}-4))</math> Adding the values up yields <math>16+16\sqrt{3}</math>, or <math>16+\sqrt{768}</math>, and <math>16+768=\boxed{784}</math>.
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-Solution by Someonenumber011.
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==See also==
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{{AIME box|year=2011|n=II|num-b=7|num-a=9}}
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[[Category:Intermediate Algebra Problems]]
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[[Category:Complex Number Problems]]
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{{MAA Notice}}

Revision as of 14:36, 6 July 2020

Problem

Let $z_1,z_2,z_3,\dots,z_{12}$ be the 12 zeroes of the polynomial $z^{12}-2^{36}$. For each $j$, let $w_j$ be one of $z_j$ or $i z_j$. Then the maximum possible value of the real part of $\displaystyle\sum_{j=1}^{12} w_j$ can be written as $m+\sqrt{n}$ where $m$ and $n$ are positive integers. Find $m+n$.

Solution

2011 AIME II -8.png

The twelve dots above represent the $12$ roots of the equation $z^{12}-2^{36}=0$. If we write $z=a+bi$, then the real part of $z$ is $a$ and the real part of $iz$ is $-b$. The blue dots represent those roots $z$ for which the real part of $z$ is greater than the real part of $iz$, and the red dots represent those roots $z$ for which the real part of $iz$ is greater than the real part of $z$. Now, the sum of the real parts of the blue dots is easily seen to be $8+16\cos\frac{\pi}{6}=8+8\sqrt{3}$ and the negative of the sum of the imaginary parts of the red dots is easily seen to also be $8+8\sqrt{3}$. Hence our desired sum is $16+16\sqrt{3}=16+\sqrt{768}$, giving the answer $\boxed{784}.$

Solution 2

The equation $z^{12}-2^{36}=0$ can be factored as follows: \[(z^6-2^{18})(z^6+2^{18})=0\] \[(z^2-2^6)(z^2+2^6)({(z^2+2^6)}^2-z^2\cdot2^6)({(z^2-2^6)}^2+z^2\cdot2^6)=0\] \[(z^2-2^6)(z^2+2^6)(z^2+2^6-z\cdot2^3)(z^2+2^6+z\cdot2^3) (z^2-2^6-iz\cdot2^3)(z^2-2^6+i z\cdot2^3)=0\]

Since this is a 12th degree equation, there are 12 roots. Also, since each term in the equation is even, the positive or negative value of each root is another root. That would mean there are 6 roots that can be multiplied by $-1$ and since we have 6 factors, that’s 1 root per factor. We just need to solve for $z$ in each factor and pick whether or not to multiply by $i$ and $-1$ for each one depending on the one that yields the highest real value. After that process, we get $8+8+2((4\sqrt{3}+4)+(4\sqrt{3}-4))$ Adding the values up yields $16+16\sqrt{3}$, or $16+\sqrt{768}$, and $16+768=\boxed{784}$.

-Solution by Someonenumber011.

See also

2011 AIME II (ProblemsAnswer KeyResources)
Preceded by
Problem 7
Followed by
Problem 9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
All AIME Problems and Solutions

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