Difference between revisions of "2012 AMC 10B Problems/Problem 22"

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==Solution 3==
 
==Solution 3==
 
Notice that the answer to the problem is solely based on the length of the lists, i.e. 10. We can replace 10 with smaller values, such as 2 and 3, and try to find a pattern. If we replace it with 2, we can easily see that there are two possible lists, <math>(1, 2)</math> and <math>(2, 1)</math>. If we replace it with 3, there are four lists, <math>(1, 2, 3), (2, 1, 3), (2, 3, 1),</math> and <math>(3, 2, 1)</math>. Since 2 and 4 are both powers of 2, it is likely that the number of lists is <math>2^{n-1}</math>, where <math>n</math> is the length of the lists. <math>2^{10-1}=512=\boxed{\textbf{(B)}}</math>
 
Notice that the answer to the problem is solely based on the length of the lists, i.e. 10. We can replace 10 with smaller values, such as 2 and 3, and try to find a pattern. If we replace it with 2, we can easily see that there are two possible lists, <math>(1, 2)</math> and <math>(2, 1)</math>. If we replace it with 3, there are four lists, <math>(1, 2, 3), (2, 1, 3), (2, 3, 1),</math> and <math>(3, 2, 1)</math>. Since 2 and 4 are both powers of 2, it is likely that the number of lists is <math>2^{n-1}</math>, where <math>n</math> is the length of the lists. <math>2^{10-1}=512=\boxed{\textbf{(B)}}</math>
 
  
 
==Video Solution by Richard Rusczyk==
 
==Video Solution by Richard Rusczyk==
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f1nxu8MWWKc
+
https://artofproblemsolving.com/videos/amc/2012amc10b/269
  
 
~dolphin7
 
~dolphin7
 
 
  
 
==Video Solution==
 
==Video Solution==

Revision as of 20:52, 5 September 2020

Problem

Let ($a_1$, $a_2$, ... $a_{10}$) be a list of the first 10 positive integers such that for each $2\le$ $i$ $\le10$ either $a_i + 1$ or $a_i-1$ or both appear somewhere before $a_i$ in the list. How many such lists are there?


$\textbf{(A)}\ \ 120\qquad\textbf{(B)}\ 512\qquad\textbf{(C)}\ \ 1024\qquad\textbf{(D)}\ 181,440\qquad\textbf{(E)}\ \ 362,880$

Solution 1

If we have 1 as the first number, then the only possible list is $(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10)$.

If we have 2 as the first number, then we have 9 ways to choose where the $1$ goes, and the numbers ascend from the first number, $2$, with the exception of the $1$. For example, $(2,3,1,4,5,6,7,8,9,10)$, or $(2,3,4,1,5,6,7,8,9,10)$. There are $\dbinom{9}{1}$ ways to do so.

If we use 3 as the first number, we need to choose 2 spaces to be 2 and 1, respectively. There are $\dbinom{9}{2}$ ways to do this.

In the same way, the total number of lists is: $\dbinom{9}{0} +\dbinom{9}{1} + \dbinom{9}{2} + \dbinom{9}{3} + \dbinom{9}{4}.....\dbinom{9}{9}$

By the binomial theorem, this is $2^{9}$ = $512$, or $\boxed{\textbf{(B)}}$

Solution 2

Arrange the spaces and put arrows pointing either up or down between them. Then for each arrangement of arrows there is one and only one list that corresponds to up. For example, all arrows pointing up is $(1,2,3,4,5...10)$. There are 9 arrows, so the answer is $2^{9}$ = $512$ $\boxed{\textbf{(B)}}$

NOTE: Solution cited from: http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Videos/external.php?video_id=269.

Solution 3

Notice that the answer to the problem is solely based on the length of the lists, i.e. 10. We can replace 10 with smaller values, such as 2 and 3, and try to find a pattern. If we replace it with 2, we can easily see that there are two possible lists, $(1, 2)$ and $(2, 1)$. If we replace it with 3, there are four lists, $(1, 2, 3), (2, 1, 3), (2, 3, 1),$ and $(3, 2, 1)$. Since 2 and 4 are both powers of 2, it is likely that the number of lists is $2^{n-1}$, where $n$ is the length of the lists. $2^{10-1}=512=\boxed{\textbf{(B)}}$

Video Solution by Richard Rusczyk

https://artofproblemsolving.com/videos/amc/2012amc10b/269

~dolphin7

Video Solution

https://youtu.be/bXPSv93GVbg

~IceMatrix

See Also

2012 AMC 10B (ProblemsAnswer KeyResources)
Preceded by
Problem 21
Followed by
Problem 23
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions

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