# Difference between revisions of "2017 AMC 8 Problems/Problem 19"

## Problem

For any positive integer $M$, the notation $M!$ denotes the product of the integers $1$ through $M$. What is the largest integer $n$ for which $5^n$ is a factor of the sum $98!+99!+100!$ ?

$\textbf{(A) }23\qquad\textbf{(B) }24\qquad\textbf{(C) }25\qquad\textbf{(D) }26\qquad\textbf{(E) }27$

## Solution 1

Factoring out $98!+99!+100!$, we have $98!(1+99+99*100)$ which is $98!(10000)$ Next, $98!$ has $\left\lfloor\frac{98}{5}\right\rfloor + \left\lfloor\frac{98}{25}\right\rfloor = 19 + 3 = 22$ factors of $5$. The $19$ is because of all the multiples of $5$. Now $10,000$ has $4$ factors of $5$, so there are a total of $22 + 4 = \boxed{\textbf{(D)}\ 26}$ factors of $5$.

## Solution 2

The number of $5$'s in the factorization of $98! + 99! + 100!$ is the same as the number of trailing zeroes. The number of zeroes is taken by the floor value of each number divided by $5$, until you can't divide by $5$ anymore. Factorizing $98! + 99! + 100!$, you get $98!(1+99+9900)=98!(10000)$. To find the number of trailing zeroes in 98!, we do $\left\lfloor\frac{98}{5}\right\rfloor + \left\lfloor\frac{19}{5}\right\rfloor= 19 + 3=22$. Now since $10000$ has 4 zeroes, we add $22 + 4$ to get $\boxed{\textbf{(D)}\ 26}$ factors of $5$.

## Solution 3

We can rewrite the expression as $98!+99!+100!=98!(1+99+99\cdot100)=98!(100+99\cdot100)=98!\cdot10,000$. The exponent of $5$ in $10,000$ is $4$. Onto the $98!$ part.

Remember that $98!$ is the product of the integers from 1 to 98. Among these, there are multiples of $5$ and multiples of $25$. The number of multiples of $5$ below or equal to $98$ is $\left\lfloor\frac{98}{5}\right\rfloor$ (try to see why), which is $19$. Every such number has a factor of $5$, so they contribute $1$ to the total each. So these numbers contribute $19$ to the exponent of $5$ in $98!$.

However, we forgot about multiples of $25$. Using similar logic, we have $\left\lfloor\frac{98}{25}\right\rfloor=3$, so there are 3 multiples of 25 in this range. Multiples of 25 contribute 2 to the total each. We already counted 1 of 2 contributions while counting multiples of 5. So we need to add another 1 to the exponent of 5 for every multiple of 25. So these numbers contribute 3 to the exponent of 5 in $98!$.

We thus have that the exponent of $5$ in $98!$ is $19 + 3 = 22$, and so our answer is $22 + 4 = 26 \longrightarrow \boxed{(D)26}$.

~Math4Life2020

## See Also

 2017 AMC 8 (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) Preceded byProblem 18 Followed byProblem 20 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25 All AJHSME/AMC 8 Problems and Solutions

The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions.

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