Difference between revisions of "2020 AIME II Problems/Problem 13"

Revision as of 13:57, 8 June 2020

Problem

Convex pentagon $ABCDE$ has side lengths $AB=5$ , $BC=CD=DE=6$ , and $EA=7$ . Moreover, the pentagon has an inscribed circle (a circle tangent to each side of the pentagon). Find the area of $ABCDE$ .

Solutions (Misplaced problem?)

Assume the incircle touches $AB$ , $BC$ , $CD$ , $DE$ , $EA$ at $P,Q,R,S,T$ respectively. Then let $PB=x=BQ=RD=SD$ , $ET=y=ES=CR=CQ$ , $AP=AT=z$ . So we have $x+y=6$ , $x+z=5$ and $y+z$ =7, solve it we have $x=2$ , $z=3$ , $y=4$ . Let the center of the incircle be $I$ , by SAS we can proof triangle $BIQ$ is congruent to triangle $DIS$ , and triangle $CIR$ is congruent to triangle $SIE$ . Then we have $\angle AED=\angle BCD$ , $\angle ABC=\angle CDE$ . Extend $CD$ , cross ray $AB$ at $M$ , ray $AE$ at $N$ , then by AAS we have triangle $END$ is congruent to triangle $BMC$ . Thus $\angle M=\angle N$ . Let $EN=MC=a$ , then $BM=DN=a+2$ . So by law of cosine in triangle $END$ and triangle $ANM$ we can obtain $\frac{2a+8}{2(a+7)}=\cos N=\frac{a^2+(a+2)^2-36}{2a(a+2)}$ , solved it gives us $a=8$ , which yield triangle $ANM$ to be a triangle with side length 15, 15, 24, draw a height from $A$ to $NM$ divides it into two triangles with side lengths 9, 12, 15, so the area of triangle $ANM$ is 108. Triangle $END$ is a triangle with side lengths 6, 8, 10, so the area of two of them is 48, so the area of pentagon is $108-48=\boxed{60}$ .

-Fanyuchen20020715

Solution 2 (Guess)

The area of a regular pentagon with side lengths $s$ is $\frac{5s^2}{4\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{5}}}$ . $5-2\sqrt{5}$ is slightly greater than $\frac{1}{2}$ given that $2\sqrt{5}$ is slightly less than $\frac{9}{2}$ . $4sqrt{5-2\sqrt{5}}$ is then slightly greater than $2\sqrt{2}$ . We will approximate that to be $2.9$ . The area is now roughly $\frac{180}{2.9}$ , but because the pentagon is not regular we can say the area is $\frac{180}{3}$ which is $60$ and since $60$ is a multiple of the semiperimeter $15$ , we can safely say that the answer is most likely $60$ .

Video Solution

https://youtu.be/bz5N-jI2e0U?t=327

2020 AIME II (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by Problem 12	Followed by Problem 14
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15
All AIME Problems and Solutions

The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions.

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 -Fanyuchen20020715
+==Solution 2 (Guess)==
+The area of a regular pentagon with side lengths <math>s</math> is <math>\frac{5s^2}{4\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{5}}}</math>. <math>5-2\sqrt{5}</math> is slightly greater than <math>\frac{1}{2}</math> given that <math>2\sqrt{5}</math> is slightly less than <math>\frac{9}{2}</math>. <math>4sqrt{5-2\sqrt{5}}</math> is then slightly greater than <math>2\sqrt{2}</math>. We will approximate that to be <math>2.9</math>. The area is now roughly <math>\frac{180}{2.9}</math>, but because the pentagon is not regular we can say the area is <math>\frac{180}{3}</math> which is <math>60</math> and since <math>60</math> is a multiple of the semiperimeter <math>15</math>, we can safely say that the answer is most likely <math>60</math>.
 ==Video Solution==

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