2021 AMC 10B Problems/Problem 16

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Problem

Call a positive integer an uphill integer if every digit is strictly greater than the previous digit. For example, $1357, 89,$ and $5$ are all uphill integers, but $32, 1240,$ and $466$ are not. How many uphill integers are divisible by $15$?

$\textbf{(A)} ~4 \qquad\textbf{(B)} ~5 \qquad\textbf{(C)} ~6 \qquad\textbf{(D)} ~7 \qquad\textbf{(E)} ~8$

Solution 1

The divisibility rule of $15$ is that the number must be congruent to $0$ mod $3$ and congruent to $0$ mod $5$. Being divisible by $5$ means that it must end with a $5$ or a $0$. We can rule out the case when the number ends with a $0$ immediately because the only integer that is uphill and ends with a $0$ is $0$ which is not positive. So now we know that the number ends with a $5$. Looking at the answer choices, the answer choices are all pretty small, so we can generate all of the numbers that are uphill and are divisible by $3$. These numbers are $15, 45, 135, 345, 1245, 12345$, or $\boxed{\textbf{(C)} ~6}$ numbers.

~ilikemath40

Solution 2

First, note how the number must end in either $5$ or $0$ in order to satisfying being divisible by $15$. However, the number can't end in $0$ because it's not strictly greater than the previous digits. Thus, our number must end in $5$. We do casework on the number of digits.

Case 1: $1$ digit. No numbers work, so $0$ numbers.

Case 2: $2$ digits. We have the numbers $15, 45,$ and $75$, but $75$ isn't an uphill number, so $2$ numbers

Case 3: $3$ digits. We have the numbers $135, 345$, so $2$ numbers.

Case 4: $4$ digits. We have the numbers $1235, 1245$ and $2345$, but only $1245$ satisfies this condition, so $1$ number.

Case 5: $5$ digits. We have only $12345$, so $1$ number.

Adding these up, we have $2+2+1+1=\boxed{\textbf{(C)} ~6}$.

~JustinLee2017

Solution 3

Like solution 2, we can proceed by using casework. A number is divisible by $15$ if is divisible by $3$ and $5.$ In this case, the units digit must be $5,$ otherwise no number can be formed.

Case 1: sum of digits = 6

There is only one number, $15.$

Case 2: sum of digits = 9

There are two numbers: $45$ and $135.$

Case 3: sum of digits = 12

There are two numbers: $345$ and $1245.$

Case 4: sum of digits = 15

There is only one number, $12345.$

We can see that we have exhausted all cases, because in order to have a larger sum of digits, then a number greater than $5$ needs to be used, breaking the conditions of the problem. The answer is $\boxed{\textbf{(C)} ~6}.$

~coolmath34

Solution 4

An integer is divisible by $15$ iff it is divisible by $3$ and $5$. Divisibility by $5$ means ending in $0$ or $5$, but since no digit is less than $0$, the only uphill integer ending in $0$ could be $0$, which is not positive. This means the integer must end in $5$.

All uphill integers ending in $5$ are formed by picking any subset of the sequence $(1,2,3,4)$ of digits (keeping their order), then appending a $5$. Divisibility by $3$ means the sum of the digits is a multiple of $3$, so our choice of digits must add to $0$ modulo $3$.

$5 \equiv -1 \pmod{3}$, so the other digits we pick must add to $1$ modulo $3$. Since $(1,2,3,4) \equiv (1,-1,0,1) \pmod{3}$, we can pick either nothing, or one residue $1$ (from $1$ or $4$) and one residue $-1$ (from $2$), and we can then optionally add a residue $0$ (from $3$). This gives $(1+2\cdot1)\cdot2 = \boxed{\textbf{(C)}~6}$ possibilities.

~emerald_block

Video Solution by OmegaLearn (Using Divisibility Rules and Casework)

https://youtu.be/n2FnKxFSW94

~ pi_is_3.14

Video Solution by TheBeautyofMath

https://youtu.be/FV9AnyERgJQ

~IceMatrix

Video Solution by Interstigation

https://youtu.be/9ZlJTVhtu_s

~Interstigation

See Also

2021 AMC 10B (ProblemsAnswer KeyResources)
Preceded by
Problem 15
Followed by
Problem 17
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All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions

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