Input function
In Python, the input function prompts the user for input. It has the following syntax
answer = input([prompt])
When called, it will print prompt to the screen, and wait for the user to type something and press enter. Then, the text the user entered is stored as a string in answer.
Because the user input is always stored as a string, to convert it to an integer or floating point number it's necessary to use one of Python's type conversion functions.
