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2025 Caucasus MO Seniors P7
BR1F1SZ   2
N an hour ago by sami1618
Source: Caucasus MO
From a point $O$ lying outside the circle $\omega$, two tangents are drawn touching $\omega$ at points $M$ and $N$. A point $K$ is chosen on the segment $MN$. Let points $P$ and $Q$ be the midpoints of segments $KM$ and $OM$ respectively. The circumcircle of triangle $MPQ$ intersects $\omega$ again at point $L$ ($L \neq M$). Prove that the line $LN$ passes through the centroid of triangle $KMO$.
2 replies
BR1F1SZ
Mar 26, 2025
sami1618
an hour ago
Reflections of AB, AC with respect to BC and angle bisector of A
falantrng   26
N an hour ago by ehuseyinyigit
Source: BMO 2024 Problem 1
Let $ABC$ be an acute-angled triangle with $AC > AB$ and let $D$ be the foot of the
$A$-angle bisector on $BC$. The reflections of lines $AB$ and $AC$ in line $BC$ meet $AC$ and $AB$ at points
$E$ and $F$ respectively. A line through $D$ meets $AC$ and $AB$ at $G$ and $H$ respectively such that $G$
lies strictly between $A$ and $C$ while $H$ lies strictly between $B$ and $F$. Prove that the circumcircles of
$\triangle EDG$ and $\triangle FDH$ are tangent to each other.
26 replies
falantrng
Apr 29, 2024
ehuseyinyigit
an hour ago
configurational geometry as usual
GorgonMathDota   11
N an hour ago by ratavir
Source: Indonesia National Math Olympiad 2021 Problem 7 (INAMO 2021/7)
Given $\triangle ABC$ with circumcircle $\ell$. Point $M$ in $\triangle ABC$ such that $AM$ is the angle bisector of $\angle BAC$. Circle with center $M$ and radius $MB$ intersects $\ell$ and $BC$ at $D$ and $E$ respectively, $(B \not= D, B \not= E)$. Let $P$ be the midpoint of arc $BC$ in $\ell$ that didn't have $A$. Prove that $AP$ angle bisector of $\angle DPE$ if and only if $\angle B = 90^{\circ}$.
11 replies
GorgonMathDota
Nov 9, 2021
ratavir
an hour ago
kind of well known?
dotscom26   1
N 2 hours ago by dotscom26
Source: MBL
Let $ y_1, y_2, ..., y_{2025}$ be real numbers satisfying
$
y_1^2 + y_2^2 + \cdots + y_{2025}^2 = 1.
$
Find the maximum value of
$
|y_1 - y_2| + |y_2 - y_3| + \cdots + |y_{2025} - y_1|.
$

I have seen many problems with the same structure, Id really appreciate if someone could explain which approach is suitable here
1 reply
dotscom26
Today at 4:11 AM
dotscom26
2 hours ago
sum(ab/4a^2+b^2) <= 3/5
truongphatt2668   2
N 2 hours ago by arqady
Source: I remember I read it somewhere
Let $a,b,c>0$. Prove that:
$$\dfrac{ab}{a^2+4b^2} + \dfrac{bc}{b^2+4c^2} + \dfrac{ca}{c^2+4a^2} \le \dfrac{3}{5}$$
2 replies
truongphatt2668
Yesterday at 1:23 PM
arqady
2 hours ago
April Fools Geometry
awesomeming327.   3
N 2 hours ago by awesomeming327.
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle with $AB<AC$, and let $D$ be the projection from $A$ onto $BC$. Let $E$ be a point on the extension of $AD$ past $D$ such that $\angle BAC+\angle BEC=90^\circ$. Let $L$ be on the perpendicular bisector of $AE$ such that $L$ and $C$ are on the same side of $AE$ and
\[\frac12\angle ALE=1.4\angle ABE+3.4\angle ACE-558^\circ\]Let the reflection of $D$ across $AB$ and $AC$ be $W$ and $Y$, respectively. Let $X\in AW$ and $Z\in AY$ such that $\angle XBE=\angle ZCE=90^\circ$. Let $EX$ and $EZ$ intersect the circumcircles of $EBD$ and $ECD$ at $J$ and $K$, respectively. Let $LB$ and $LC$ intersect $WJ$ and $YK$ at $P$ and $Q$. Let $PQ$ intersect $BC$ at $F$. Prove that $FB/FC=DB/DC$.
3 replies
awesomeming327.
Today at 2:52 PM
awesomeming327.
2 hours ago
hard problem
pennypc123456789   2
N 2 hours ago by aaravdodhia
Let $\triangle ABC$ be an acute triangle inscribed in a circle $(O)$ with orthocenter $H$ and altitude $AD$. The line passing through $D$ perpendicular to $OD$ intersects $AB$ at $E$. The perpendicular bisector of $AC$ intersects $DE$ at $F$. Let $OB$ intersect $DE$ at $K$. Let $L$ be the reflection of $O$ across $EF$. The circumcircle of triangle $BDE$ intersects $(O)$ at $G$ different from $B$. Prove that $GF$ and $KL$ intersect on the circumcircle of triangle $DEH$.
2 replies
pennypc123456789
Mar 26, 2025
aaravdodhia
2 hours ago
Geometry
Emirhan   1
N 2 hours ago by ehuseyinyigit
Let $ABC$ be an equilateral triangle with side lenght is $1$ $cm$.Let $D \in [AB]$ is a point. Perpendiculars from $D$ to $[AC]$ and $[BC]$ intersects with $[AC]$ and $[BC]$ at points $E$ and $F$ respectively. Perpendiculars from $E$ and $F$ to $[AB]$ intersects with $[AB]$ at points $E_1$ and $F_1$. Prove that
$$[E_1F_1]=\frac{3}{4}$$
1 reply
Emirhan
Jan 30, 2016
ehuseyinyigit
2 hours ago
Polynomials
Pao_de_sal   2
N 3 hours ago by ektorasmiliotis
find all natural numbers n such that the polynomial x²ⁿ + xⁿ + 1 is divisible by x² + x + 1
2 replies
Pao_de_sal
3 hours ago
ektorasmiliotis
3 hours ago
inequalities
Cobedangiu   2
N 3 hours ago by ehuseyinyigit
Source: own
$a,b>0$ and $a+b=1$. Find min P:
$P=\sqrt{\frac{1-a}{1+7a}}+\sqrt{\frac{1-b}{1+7b}}$
2 replies
Cobedangiu
6 hours ago
ehuseyinyigit
3 hours ago
very cute geo
rafaello   3
N 4 hours ago by bin_sherlo
Source: MODSMO 2021 July Contest P7
Consider a triangle $ABC$ with incircle $\omega$. Let $S$ be the point on $\omega$ such that the circumcircle of $BSC$ is tangent to $\omega$ and let the $A$-excircle be tangent to $BC$ at $A_1$. Prove that the tangent from $S$ to $\omega$ and the tangent from $A_1$ to $\omega$ (distinct from $BC$) meet on the line parallel to $BC$ and passing through $A$.
3 replies
rafaello
Oct 26, 2021
bin_sherlo
4 hours ago
2015 Taiwan TST Round 3 Mock IMO Day 2 Problem 1
wanwan4343   11
N Aug 29, 2020 by Gaussian_cyber
Source: 2015 Taiwan TST Round 3 Mock IMO Day 2 Problem 1
Let $ABC$ be a fixed acute-angled triangle. Consider some points $E$ and $F$ lying on the sides $AC$ and $AB$, respectively, and let $M$ be the midpoint of $EF$. Let the perpendicular bisector of $EF$ intersect the line $BC$ at $K$, and let the perpendicular bisector of $MK$ intersect the lines $AC$ and $AB$ at $S$ and $T$, respectively. If the quadrilateral $KSAT$ is cycle, prove that $\angle{KEF}=\angle{KFE}=\angle{A}$.
11 replies
wanwan4343
Jul 12, 2015
Gaussian_cyber
Aug 29, 2020
2015 Taiwan TST Round 3 Mock IMO Day 2 Problem 1
G H J
Source: 2015 Taiwan TST Round 3 Mock IMO Day 2 Problem 1
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wanwan4343
102 posts
#1 • 4 Y
Y by Davi-8191, tenplusten, HsuAn, Adventure10
Let $ABC$ be a fixed acute-angled triangle. Consider some points $E$ and $F$ lying on the sides $AC$ and $AB$, respectively, and let $M$ be the midpoint of $EF$. Let the perpendicular bisector of $EF$ intersect the line $BC$ at $K$, and let the perpendicular bisector of $MK$ intersect the lines $AC$ and $AB$ at $S$ and $T$, respectively. If the quadrilateral $KSAT$ is cycle, prove that $\angle{KEF}=\angle{KFE}=\angle{A}$.
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Luis González
4145 posts
#2 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Since $EF \parallel ST,$ then $AM$ cuts $ST$ at its midpoint $N.$ Since $NK$ is the reflection of $NA$ on $ST,$ then it follows by symmetry that $KN$ cuts $\odot(AST)$ again at $D$ forming the isosceles trapezoid $ATSD.$ Thus again, by symmetry, if $AN$ cuts $\odot(AST)$ again at $K',$ then $KK' \parallel ST$ $\Longrightarrow$ $AK$ and $AM \equiv AK'$ are isogonals WRT $\angle EAF$ $\Longrightarrow$ $AK$ is the A-symmedian of $\triangle AEF$ $\Longrightarrow$ $KE,KF$ are tangents of $\odot(AEF)$ $\Longrightarrow$ $\angle KEF=\angle KFE=\angle A.$
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Dukejukem
695 posts
#3 • 3 Y
Y by MagnusRid, Adventure10, Mango247
Let us relabel points $S, T, M$ as $B, C, X$, respectively (we can ignore the points $B, C$ specified in the problem statement). Now, let $H$ be the orthocenter of $\triangle ABC$ and let $M$ be the midpoint of $\overline{BC}.$ $\Gamma_1, \Gamma_2$ denote $\odot (ABC), \odot (BHC)$, respectively and $U, V$ are reflections of $A$ in $BC, M$, respectively.

Since $EF \parallel BC$, it follows that $A, X, M$ are collinear. From $\triangle AFX \sim \triangle ABM$ we obtain $\tfrac{XF}{MB} = \tfrac{AX}{AM}.$ From $\triangle MXK \sim \triangle MAU$ we find $\tfrac{XK}{AU} = \tfrac{MX}{AM}.$ It follows that $\tfrac{XF}{XK} = \tfrac{AX}{MX} \cdot \tfrac{MB}{AU}.$ Now, because the reflection $X$ in $BC$ lies on $\Gamma_1$, it follows that $X$ lies on the reflection of $\Gamma_1$ in $BC$, which is just $\Gamma_2$ (well-known). Meanwhile, since $\Gamma_1$ and $\Gamma_2$ are symmetric about $BC$ and $M$, it follows that $U, V$ lie on $\Gamma_2.$ By Power of a Point, we obtain $AX \cdot AV = AH \cdot AU$ and $MX \cdot MV = MB^2.$ Therefore, \[\frac{AX}{MX} \cdot \frac{MB}{AU} = \frac{AH}{MB} \cdot \frac{MV}{AV} = \frac{AH}{2MB} = \frac{OM}{MB},\] where $O$ denotes the center of $\Gamma_1$, and we have used the well-known fact that $AH = 2OM.$ Then by side-angle-side similarity, we deduce that $\triangle KFX \sim \triangle BOM$, and hence $\angle KFE = \angle BOM = \angle A.$ $\square$
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pi37
2079 posts
#4 • 3 Y
Y by mathmaster2012, Adventure10, Mango247
Suppose $GH\parallel EF$ and passes through $K$ with $G,H$ on $AE,AF$ respectively. Let $GF$ intersect $HE$ at $X$. Then by parallelism
\[
\angle FXE=\angle GXH=\angle TKS=180-\angle FAE
\]
so $FAEX$ is cyclic. By Brokard's Theorem, $K'$, the intersection of the tangents from $E,F$ to $(AEXF)$, lies on $GH$. But of course $K'$ lies on the perpendicular bisector of $EF$, so $K'=K$, and we're done.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by pi37, Aug 27, 2015, 3:45 PM
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TKDLH-99
24 posts
#5 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Dear pi37: What's $X$ mean?
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pi37
2079 posts
#6 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Sorry, I edited it in.
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utkarshgupta
2280 posts
#7 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Consider the circumcircle of $\triangle AST$.
Obviously since $ST||EF$, $AM$ is the median of $\triangle AST$.
Now we have that a point on the arc $ST$ not containing $A$whose reflection in $ST$ lie on the $A-$median.

Let $X,Y$ be two such points on the arc $ST$ whose reflections in $ST$ lie on $A-$median.
Denote these reflections by $X'Y'$
Thus since $S,T,X,Y$ are concyclic, $S,T,X'Y'$ are also concyclic which is not possible as they lie on the same side of $ST$.

Thus there exists only one such point on the arc $ST$.

It is well known and easy to show that this point ($K$ in the question) lies on the symmedian.

Now the question is easy.
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AdithyaBhaskar
652 posts
#8 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
Never seen an uglier problem.
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HsuAn
14 posts
#9 • 1 Y
Y by Adventure10
Actually, this question can be done by Bary. Just ignore B and C, and the rest is straightforward caculate.
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zuss77
520 posts
#10 • 2 Y
Y by Adventure10, Mango247
For starters let's reformulate the problem so that $ST$ become $BC$:
nicer formulation wrote:
In $\triangle ABC$ points $E,F$ lay on $AC,AB$ so that $EF \parallel BC$ and reflection ($M \mapsto K$) of midpoint of $EF$ over $BC$ lays on $\odot ABC$.
Prove that $\angle{KFE}=\angle{A}$.
Let $AM$ cut ($ABC$) at $L$. $AL$ goes through midpoint of chord $BC$ and reflected over it. Due to this symmetry $KL \parallel BC$, $\angle KAB = \angle LAC$ $\implies AK$ - $A$-symmedian of $\triangle AEF$. With $MK$ being perp. bisector of $EF$ it means that $KF$ is tangent to $(AEF)$ and result follows.
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Ali3085
214 posts
#11
Y by
it's clear that if $K$ is moving on the perpindacular bisector of $EF$ then there exists a unique point $K_0$ outside $\triangle AEF$ such that $ATSK$ is cyclic
I'll claim that this point is the intersection of tangents at $E,F$ to $(AEF)$
proof:
let $\omega $ the circle with radius zero centered at $K$ since $ST || EF$ we have that $TS$ goes from the modpoints of $KF,KE$ so $TS$ is the radical axis of $\omega$ and $(AEF)$
so
$$TM^2=TK^2=TF.TA$$then $TM$ is tangent to$(AFM)$
so
$\angle EAK=\angle FAM = \angle TMF=\angle STM =\angle KTS$
and we win :D
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Gaussian_cyber
162 posts
#12
Y by
\begin{align*} \textbf{Let's review Humpty points} \end{align*}Notice it's enough to prove $AK$ is $A$ symmedian in $\triangle AST$ .
Notice $M$ in triangle $AST$. Call orthocenter of $AST$ as $H$.
Reflection of $M$ wrt $ST$ is on $\odot (AST)$ so $M \in \odot(SHT)$ . It's well known that In $\triangle ABC$ with orthocenter $H$ . Intersection of $A-$median and $\odot (BHC)$ is $A-$Humpty point. So $M$ is $A$-humpty point in $\triangle AST$.
It's well known that $A$-humpty point is the reflection of intersection of $A$-symmedian with circumcircle wrt $ST$. So $AK$ is $A-$symmedian in $\triangle AST$ $\blacksquare$
This post has been edited 3 times. Last edited by Gaussian_cyber, Aug 29, 2020, 4:25 AM
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