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2025 Caucasus MO Seniors P2
BR1F1SZ   4
N 4 minutes ago by X.Luser
Source: Caucasus MO
Let $ABC$ be a triangle, and let $B_1$ and $B_2$ be points on segment $AC$ symmetric with respect to the midpoint of $AC$. Let $\gamma_A$ denote the circle passing through $B_1$ and tangent to line $AB$ at $A$. Similarly, let $\gamma_C$ denote the circle passing through $B_1$ and tangent to line $BC$ at $C$. Let the circles $\gamma_A$ and $\gamma_C$ intersect again at point $B'$ ($B' \neq B_1$). Prove that $\angle ABB' = \angle CBB_2$.
4 replies
BR1F1SZ
Mar 26, 2025
X.Luser
4 minutes ago
IMO Shortlist 2010 - Problem G1
Amir Hossein   130
N 19 minutes ago by LeYohan
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle with $D, E, F$ the feet of the altitudes lying on $BC, CA, AB$ respectively. One of the intersection points of the line $EF$ and the circumcircle is $P.$ The lines $BP$ and $DF$ meet at point $Q.$ Prove that $AP = AQ.$

Proposed by Christopher Bradley, United Kingdom
130 replies
Amir Hossein
Jul 17, 2011
LeYohan
19 minutes ago
Nordic 2025 P3
anirbanbz   7
N 20 minutes ago by anirbanbz
Source: Nordic 2025
Let $ABC$ be an acute triangle with orthocenter $H$ and circumcenter $O$. Let $E$ and $F$ be points on the line segments $AC$ and $AB$ respectively such that $AEHF$ is a parallelogram. Prove that $\vert OE \vert = \vert OF \vert$.
7 replies
anirbanbz
Mar 25, 2025
anirbanbz
20 minutes ago
CGMO6: Airline companies and cities
v_Enhance   13
N 37 minutes ago by Marcus_Zhang
Source: 2012 China Girl's Mathematical Olympiad
There are $n$ cities, $2$ airline companies in a country. Between any two cities, there is exactly one $2$-way flight connecting them which is operated by one of the two companies. A female mathematician plans a travel route, so that it starts and ends at the same city, passes through at least two other cities, and each city in the route is visited once. She finds out that wherever she starts and whatever route she chooses, she must take flights of both companies. Find the maximum value of $n$.
13 replies
v_Enhance
Aug 13, 2012
Marcus_Zhang
37 minutes ago
nice problem
hanzo.ei   0
an hour ago
Source: I forgot
Let triangle $ABC$ be inscribed in the circumcircle $(O)$ and circumscribed about the incircle $(I)$, with $AB < AC$. The incircle $(I)$ touches the sides $BC$, $CA$, and $AB$ at $D$, $E$, and $F$, respectively. A line through $I$, perpendicular to $AI$, intersects $BC$, $CA$, and $AB$ at $X$, $Y$, and $Z$, respectively. The line $AI$ meets $(O)$ at $M$ (distinct from $A$). The circumcircle of triangle $AYZ$ intersects $(O)$ at $N$ (distinct from $A$). Let $P$ be the midpoint of the arc $BAC$ of $(O)$. The line $AI$ cuts segments $DF$ and $DE$ at $K$ and $L$, respectively, and the tangents to the circle $(DKL)$ at $K$ and $L$ intersect at $T$. Prove that $AT \perp BC$.
0 replies
hanzo.ei
an hour ago
0 replies
Find a given number of divisors of ab
proglote   9
N an hour ago by zuat.e
Source: Brazil MO 2013, problem #2
Arnaldo and Bernaldo play the following game: given a fixed finite set of positive integers $A$ known by both players, Arnaldo picks a number $a \in A$ but doesn't tell it to anyone. Bernaldo thens pick an arbitrary positive integer $b$ (not necessarily in $A$). Then Arnaldo tells the number of divisors of $ab$. Show that Bernaldo can choose $b$ in a way that he can find out the number $a$ chosen by Arnaldo.
9 replies
proglote
Oct 24, 2013
zuat.e
an hour ago
2025 TST 22
EthanWYX2009   1
N an hour ago by hukilau17
Source: 2025 TST 22
Let \( A \) be a set of 2025 positive real numbers. For a subset \( T \subseteq A \), define \( M_T \) as the median of \( T \) when all elements of \( T \) are arranged in increasing order, with the convention that \( M_\emptyset = 0 \). Define
\[
P(A) = \sum_{\substack{T \subseteq A \\ |T| \text{ odd}}} M_T, \quad Q(A) = \sum_{\substack{T \subseteq A \\ |T| \text{ even}}} M_T.
\]Find the smallest real number \( C \) such that for any set \( A \) of 2025 positive real numbers, the following inequality holds:
\[
P(A) - Q(A) \leq C \cdot \max(A),
\]where \(\max(A)\) denotes the largest element in \( A \).
1 reply
EthanWYX2009
4 hours ago
hukilau17
an hour ago
Deriving Van der Waerden Theorem
Didier2   0
2 hours ago
Source: Khamovniki 2023-2024 (group 10-1)
Suppose we have already proved that for any coloring of $\Large \mathbb{N}$ in $r$ colors, there exists an arithmetic progression of size $k$. How can we derive Van der Waerden's theorem for $W(r, k)$ from this?
0 replies
Didier2
2 hours ago
0 replies
Not so classic orthocenter problem
m4thbl3nd3r   6
N 2 hours ago by maths_enthusiast_0001
Source: own?
Let $O$ be circumcenter of a non-isosceles triangle $ABC$ and $H$ be a point in the interior of $\triangle ABC$. Let $E,F$ be foots of perpendicular lines from $H$ to $AC,AB$. Suppose that $BCEF$ is cyclic and $M$ is the circumcenter of $BCEF$, $HM\cap AB=K,AO\cap BE=T$. Prove that $KT$ bisects $EF$
6 replies
m4thbl3nd3r
Yesterday at 4:59 PM
maths_enthusiast_0001
2 hours ago
Functional equations
hanzo.ei   1
N 2 hours ago by GreekIdiot
Source: Greekldiot
Find all $f: \mathbb R_+ \rightarrow \mathbb R_+$ such that $f(xf(y)+f(x))=yf(x+yf(x)) \: \forall \: x,y \in \mathbb R_+$
1 reply
hanzo.ei
2 hours ago
GreekIdiot
2 hours ago
A number theory about divisors which no one fully solved at the contest
nAalniaOMliO   20
N 2 hours ago by Bluecloud123
Source: Belarusian national olympiad 2024
Let's call a pair of positive integers $(k,n)$ interesting if $n$ is composite and for every divisor $d<n$ of $n$ at least one of $d-k$ and $d+k$ is also a divisor of $n$
Find the number of interesting pairs $(k,n)$ with $k \leq 100$
M. Karpuk
20 replies
1 viewing
nAalniaOMliO
Jul 24, 2024
Bluecloud123
2 hours ago
CHKMO 2017 Q3
noobatron3000   7
N 2 hours ago by Entei
Source: CHKMO
Let ABC be an acute-angled triangle. Let D be a point on the segment BC, I the incentre of ABC. The circumcircle of ABD meets BI at P and the circumcircle of ACD meets CI at Q. If the area of PID and the area of QID are equal, prove that PI*QD=QI*PD.
7 replies
noobatron3000
Dec 31, 2016
Entei
2 hours ago
Geometry
Jackson0423   1
N 2 hours ago by ricarlos
Source: Own
In triangle ABC with circumcenter O, if the intersection point of lines BO and AC is N, then BO = 2ON, and BMN = 122 degrees with respect to the midpoint M of AB. Find MNB.
1 reply
Jackson0423
Yesterday at 4:40 PM
ricarlos
2 hours ago
Interesting Locus S
IvanGD   1
N Oct 5, 2021 by vanstraelen
Hello everyone.

This is my first actual AOPS post, even though I'm a long time IMO competitor and an avid AOPS user.

If you don't want to read the Problem History, you can scroll down to read the statement right away.

Problem History

The reason why I'm writing this post is to publish a very interesting geometry problem, which I've created with the help of a group of friends of mine. I started creating the problem around 2 years ago, when I heard about another geometry problem, and I developed the idea used in that problem into something much more, together with two of my friends. We reached some interesting conclusions, but couldn't prove any of it, so we stopped working on it after a month or so. I continued working on that problem alone for another two months maybe, and then I let it go.

About half a year ago, while I was on a math competition abroad, I told one of my teammates about the problem and he was interested in solving it together with me, so we resumed the investigation. He proposed one crucial idea that reshaped the problem into something totally different, and after I'd noticed one more important fact, we completely formed the problem. We still couldn't prove any of it, because it all seemed too difficult. After the competition, we stopped working on it.

Finally, around two weeks ago, I remembered the problem, and used Wolfram Mathematica to prove it. And guess what... Our hunch was indeed correct. A brand new geometry problem was born, and I was quite satisfied. That means that our solution to the problem was indeed correct, since we finally got a computerized proof. But to me, it's still not over. I want to know if there are any normal ways to prove this...Without using extreme analytic computations performed by a sophisticated mathematical program.

That is why I'm posting this problem as a challenge to everyone else who wants to try and solve it. Maybe someone here can pull it off? I don't know. I've shown this problem to a lot of successful IMO competitors, and none of them were close to solving it. I honestly think the problem is difficult, but I don't know how difficult it actually is. Anyhow, I'm going to post the problem statement text now. Good luck and best wishes to everyone!

Problem Statement

Three fixed points, $A$, $B$ and $C$, are given such that $\triangle ABC$ is a scalene triangle. A variable real parameter $\lambda$ is also given, and six points, $P$, $Q$, $R$, $K$, $L$ and $M$, are defined by the following six vector equalities:

$\overrightarrow{AP}=\lambda\overrightarrow{AB}$
$\overrightarrow{BQ}=\lambda\overrightarrow{BC}$
$\overrightarrow{CR}=\lambda\overrightarrow{CA}$
$\overrightarrow{BK}=\lambda\overrightarrow{BA}$
$\overrightarrow{CL}=\lambda\overrightarrow{CB}$
$\overrightarrow{AM}=\lambda\overrightarrow{AC}$

Let $X$ be the circumcenter of triangle $\triangle PQR$, and $Y$ the circumcenter of triangle $\triangle KLM$. The point $S$ is defined as the midpoint of $XY$.

For any fixed triple of points $A$, $B$ and $C$, find the locus of $S$, as $\lambda$ takes all possible real values.
1 reply
IvanGD
Nov 4, 2015
vanstraelen
Oct 5, 2021
Interesting Locus S
G H J
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IvanGD
1 post
#1 • 2 Y
Y by GoJensenOrGoHome, Adventure10
Hello everyone.

This is my first actual AOPS post, even though I'm a long time IMO competitor and an avid AOPS user.

If you don't want to read the Problem History, you can scroll down to read the statement right away.

Problem History

The reason why I'm writing this post is to publish a very interesting geometry problem, which I've created with the help of a group of friends of mine. I started creating the problem around 2 years ago, when I heard about another geometry problem, and I developed the idea used in that problem into something much more, together with two of my friends. We reached some interesting conclusions, but couldn't prove any of it, so we stopped working on it after a month or so. I continued working on that problem alone for another two months maybe, and then I let it go.

About half a year ago, while I was on a math competition abroad, I told one of my teammates about the problem and he was interested in solving it together with me, so we resumed the investigation. He proposed one crucial idea that reshaped the problem into something totally different, and after I'd noticed one more important fact, we completely formed the problem. We still couldn't prove any of it, because it all seemed too difficult. After the competition, we stopped working on it.

Finally, around two weeks ago, I remembered the problem, and used Wolfram Mathematica to prove it. And guess what... Our hunch was indeed correct. A brand new geometry problem was born, and I was quite satisfied. That means that our solution to the problem was indeed correct, since we finally got a computerized proof. But to me, it's still not over. I want to know if there are any normal ways to prove this...Without using extreme analytic computations performed by a sophisticated mathematical program.

That is why I'm posting this problem as a challenge to everyone else who wants to try and solve it. Maybe someone here can pull it off? I don't know. I've shown this problem to a lot of successful IMO competitors, and none of them were close to solving it. I honestly think the problem is difficult, but I don't know how difficult it actually is. Anyhow, I'm going to post the problem statement text now. Good luck and best wishes to everyone!

Problem Statement

Three fixed points, $A$, $B$ and $C$, are given such that $\triangle ABC$ is a scalene triangle. A variable real parameter $\lambda$ is also given, and six points, $P$, $Q$, $R$, $K$, $L$ and $M$, are defined by the following six vector equalities:

$\overrightarrow{AP}=\lambda\overrightarrow{AB}$
$\overrightarrow{BQ}=\lambda\overrightarrow{BC}$
$\overrightarrow{CR}=\lambda\overrightarrow{CA}$
$\overrightarrow{BK}=\lambda\overrightarrow{BA}$
$\overrightarrow{CL}=\lambda\overrightarrow{CB}$
$\overrightarrow{AM}=\lambda\overrightarrow{AC}$

Let $X$ be the circumcenter of triangle $\triangle PQR$, and $Y$ the circumcenter of triangle $\triangle KLM$. The point $S$ is defined as the midpoint of $XY$.

For any fixed triple of points $A$, $B$ and $C$, find the locus of $S$, as $\lambda$ takes all possible real values.
This post has been edited 1 time. Last edited by IvanGD, Nov 4, 2015, 6:42 PM
Z K Y
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vanstraelen
8944 posts
#2
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Let $A(0,a),B(-b,0),C(c,0)$.

The locus of the points $S$ is the line segment $CD$ on $(a^{2}-3bc)x+a(b-c)y=bc(b-c)$,
with $C(\frac{c-b}{4},\frac{a^{2}+bc}{4a}\ )$ and $D(\frac{7(c-b)}{12},\frac{7a^{2}-9bc}{12a}\ )$.
Z K Y
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