4 * 10 = 40

by OronSH, May 26, 2024, 12:20 AM

In $\triangle ABC$, let $D$, $E$, $F$ be the feet of altitudes from $A$, $B$, $C$ respectively. Let $K$ be the orthocenter of $\triangle DEF$. Let $U$, $V$, $W$ be the projections of points $F$, $D$, $E$, on $BC$, $CA$, $AB$ respectively. Assume that the circumcircles of $\triangle ABC$ and $\triangle UVW$ intersect at two points $M$ and $N$, prove that $KM=KN$.

We solve it only for $ABC$ acute because the other cases are similar. Define $X,Y,Z$ the feet from $E,F,D$ to $BC,CA,AB$ respectively. Notice that points $M,N$ are useless and we just want to show that $K$ is collinear with the circumcenters of $UVW$ and $ABC.$ Thus we call $MNP$ the medial triangle of $DEF.$

First notice $WY\parallel BC$ by Reim's on $(BCEF)$ and $(EFWY).$ Then Reim's again on $(AVDZ)$ gives $WYVZ$ is cyclic. Now its center lies on the perpendicular bisectors of $WZ$ and $VY.$ Notice that the perpendicular bisector of $WZ$ bisects $DE$ and thus contains $P,$ and furthermore that the internal angle bisector of $\angle MPN$ is perpendicular to $AB$ since $MP\parallel DF$ and $PN\parallel FE.$ Thus the center of $(WYVZ)$ must be the incenter $S$ of $MPN,$ and by symmetry we get $UVWXYZ$ is cyclic with center $S.$

Let $J$ be the circumcenter of $ABC.$ We wish to show that $K,S,J$ are collinear. In fact we claim that $J$ is the reflection of $K$ over $S.$ Now $J$ is by definition the Bevan point of $DEF,$ so it is the reflection of the incenter $I$ of $DEF$ over its circumcenter $O.$ However since $S,O$ are the incenter and orthocenter of the medial triangle of the orthic triangle, we get $2SO=KI$ with directed lengths, by homothety. Thus the reflection of $K$ over $S$ is the same as the reflection of $I$ over $O$ which is $J,$ done.

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