Some Basic Lemmas on Configuration Containing a Parallel Line through Incenter

by AlastorMoody, Jan 18, 2019, 8:24 AM

Define:
$\text{(i) } I,I_A \rightarrow \text{ Incenter, A-excenter }$
$\text{(ii) } A_1 \rightarrow AI \cap BC$
$\text{(iii) } D \rightarrow AI \cap \odot (ABC)$

Some Relations

Relation 1: $ID =DI_A=BD=CD$

Relation 2: $\frac{AI}{AI_A} =\frac{A_1I}{A_1I_A}$

Proof: This follows from the fact that $(I,I_A;A,A_1) =-1$ $\qquad \blacksquare$

Relation 3: $\frac{AI}{AA_1}=\frac{AD}{AI_A}$

Proof: Easy to get that, $\frac{AI}{AA_1}=\frac{b+c}{\sum a} =\frac{\sin B +\sin C}{\sum \sin A}=\frac{\cos \tfrac{A}{2} \cos \left( \tfrac{B-C}{2} \right) }{ \cos \tfrac{C}{2} \left( \cos \left( \tfrac{A-B}{2} \right) \cos \left( \tfrac{A+B}{2} \right) \right) }=\boxed{\frac{\cos \left(\tfrac{B-C}{2} \right) }{2\cos \tfrac{C}{2} \cos \tfrac{B}{2} } }$ And for, $\frac{AD}{AI_A}=\frac{\sin \left(B+\tfrac{A}{2} \right) }{2\cos \tfrac{C}{2} \cos \tfrac{B}{2} }=\frac{AI}{AA_1}$ $\qquad \blacksquare$
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Lemmas

Lemma 1: In $\Delta ABC$, if $P,P^*$ are the Isogonal Conjugates WRT to $\Delta ABC$ and if $AP \cap \odot (ABC)=X_1$, $AP^* \cap \odot (ABC)= X_2$, then $X_1X_2 || BC$

Proof: WLOG, assume, $BX_2 > BX_1$, then, $\angle X_1X_2C= 180^{\circ} -\angle X_1AC=180^{\circ}-\angle BAX_2=180^{\circ} -\angle BCX_2 \implies X_1X_2 || BC $ $\qquad \blacksquare$

Lemma 2: Let $F \in BC$, such, $CF > BF$, Draw a parallel $(l)$ through $I$ to $BC$ and let $AF \cap l = X $, then, $XD || FI_A$

Proof: From (Relation 3), $\frac{AI}{AA_1}=\frac{AX}{AF}=\frac{AD}{AI_A} \implies XD || FI_A$ $\qquad \blacksquare$

Lemma 3: Let $XD \cap FI = Y$ & $XD \cap BC=Z$, then, $Y$ is the midpoint of $XZ$

Proof: From (Relation 2), $-1=(A,A_1;I,I_A) \overset{F}{=} (X,Z;Y,\mathcal{P_1}) \implies XY=YZ$ $\qquad \blacksquare$

Consequence: From (Lemma 2), it is quite evident, that, $IXFZ$ is $||^{gm}$

Lemma 4: $Y$ is also the midpoint of $IF$ and $IZ || AF$

Proof: Trivial and Quite evident from Consequence (Lemma3) $\qquad \blacksquare$

Lemma 5: Let $FI_A \cap l $(parallel line) $=W$, then, $X$ is midpoint of $WI$

Proof: This just follows as a consequence of (Lemma 2) and (Lemma 3) $\qquad \blacksquare$

Lemma 6: Let $XD \cap \odot (ABC) =K$, $AF \cap \odot (ABC)=F_1$ and $IX \cap \odot (ABC) =F_2$, then, $F_1F_2 ||IX$

Proof: Apply Pascal's Theorem on $DAF_1F_2KD$, we already have, $AD \cap F_2K = I$ & $AF_1 \cap KD =X$, Hence, $F_1F_2 \cap D-\text{tangent} \in IX || BC || D-\text{tangent}$ $ \implies F_1F_2 \cap D-\text{tangent} =\mathcal{P_1} \implies F_1F_2 || BC||IX$ $\qquad \blacksquare$

Lemma 7: $AF_1$ & $AF_2$ are Isogonal Lines WRT $\Delta ABC$

Proof: Direct Converse of (Lemma 1) $\qquad \blacksquare$

Lemma 8: $KAIX$ is a cyclic quadrilateral

Proof: $\angle KIX=\angle KF_2F_1=\angle KAX \implies KAIX$ is cyclic $\qquad \blacksquare$
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(Taken from the configuration of IMO 2010/P2)
This post has been edited 15 times. Last edited by AlastorMoody, Feb 5, 2019, 4:53 PM

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  • what a goat, u used to be friends with my brother :)

    by bookstuffthanks, Jul 31, 2024, 12:05 PM

  • hello fellow moody!!

    by crazyeyemoody907, Oct 31, 2023, 1:55 AM

  • @below I wish I started earlier / didn't have to do JEE and leave oly way before I could study conics and projective stuff which I really wanted to study :( . Huh, life really sucks when u are forced due to peer pressure to read sh_t u dont want to read

    by kamatadu, Jan 3, 2023, 1:25 PM

  • Lots of good stuffs here.

    by amar_04, Dec 30, 2022, 2:31 PM

  • But even if he went to jee he could continue with this.

    Doing JEE(and completely leaving oly) seems like a insult to the oly math he knows

    by HoRI_DA_GRe8, Feb 11, 2022, 2:11 PM

  • Ohhh did he go for JEE? Good for him, bad for us :sadge:. Hmmm so that is the reason why he is inactive
    Btw @below finally everyone falls to the monopoly of JEE :) Coz IIT's are the best in India.

    by BVKRB-, Feb 1, 2022, 12:57 PM

  • Kukuku first shout of 2022,why did this guy left this and went for trashy JEE

    by Commander_Anta78, Jan 27, 2022, 3:42 PM

  • When are you going to br alive again ,we miss you

    by HoRI_DA_GRe8, Aug 11, 2021, 5:10 PM

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  • nice blog :)

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  • Hello everyone, nice blog :)

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  • pro blogo

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