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Difference between revisions of "2003 AMC 10A Problems/Problem 22"

(→‎Solution 4)
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<math>\angle BHA = \angle HAD</math> (Alt. Interior Angles are congruent).
 
<math>\angle BHA = \angle HAD</math> (Alt. Interior Angles are congruent).
  
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Therefore <math>Triangles\: GFA</math> and <math>ABH</math> are similar.
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Therefore <math>\triangle GFA</math> and <math>\triangle ABH</math> are similar.
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<math>GCH</math> and <math>GEA</math> are also similar.
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<math>\triangle GCH</math> and <math>\triangle GEA</math> are also similar.
  
 
<math>DA</math> is 9, therefore <math>EA</math> must equal 5. Similarly, <math>CH</math> must equal 3.  
 
<math>DA</math> is 9, therefore <math>EA</math> must equal 5. Similarly, <math>CH</math> must equal 3.  
Line 29: Line 29:
 
<math>\frac{25}{10}\: =\: \frac{GF}{8}</math>.
 
<math>\frac{25}{10}\: =\: \frac{GF}{8}</math>.
  
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Therefore <math>GF\: = \boxed{20} = \boxed{\mathrm{(B)}}</math>.
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Therefore <math>GF= \boxed{\mathrm{(B)}\ 20}</math>.
  
 
=== Solution 2 ===
 
=== Solution 2 ===
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<math>FD=6</math>
 
<math>FD=6</math>
  
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<math>GF=2 \cdot FD+8=2\cdot6+8=20 \Rightarrow B</math>
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<math>GF=2 \cdot FD+8=2\cdot6+8=\boxed{\mathrm{(B)}\ 20}</math>
  
 
=== Solution 3 ===
 
=== Solution 3 ===
Line 97: Line 97:
 
<cmath>\dfrac{8}{4\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{GF}{10\sqrt{5}}</cmath>
 
<cmath>\dfrac{8}{4\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{GF}{10\sqrt{5}}</cmath>
  
−
We can multiply both sides by <math>\sqrt{5}</math> to get that <math>GF</math> is twice of 10, or <math>20\Rightarrow \mathrm{(B)}</math>
+
We can multiply both sides by <math>\sqrt{5}</math> to get that <math>GF</math> is twice of 10, or <math>\boxed{\mathrm{(B)}\ 20}</math>
  
 
=== Solution 4 ===
 
=== Solution 4 ===
−
We extend BC such that it intersects GF at X. Since ABCD is a rectangle, it follows that CD=8, therefore, XF=8. Let GX=y. From the similarity of triangles GCH and GEA, we have the ratio 3:5 (as CH=9-6=3, and EA=9-4=5). GX and GF are the altitudes of GCH and GEA, respectively. Thus, y:y+8 = 3:5, from which we have y=12, thus GF=y+8=12+8=20. B.
+
We extend <math>BC</math> such that it intersects <math>GF</math> at <math>X</math>. Since <math>ABCD</math> is a rectangle, it follows that <math>CD=8</math>, therefore, <math>XF=8</math>. Let <math>GX=y</math>. From the similarity of triangles <math>GCH</math> and <math>GEA</math>, we have the ratio <math>3:5</math> (as <math>CH=9-6=3</math>, and <math>EA=9-4=5</math>). <math>GX</math> and <math>GF</math> are the altitudes of <math>GCH</math> and <math>GEA</math>, respectively. Thus, <math>y:y+8 = 3:5</math>, from which we have <math>y=12</math>, thus <math>GF=y+8=12+8=\boxed{\mathrm{(B)}\ 20}</math>
  
 
== See Also ==
 
== See Also ==

Revision as of 13:55, 1 August 2011

Problem

In rectangle $ABCD$, we have $AB=8$, $BC=9$, $H$ is on $BC$ with $BH=6$, $E$ is on $AD$ with $DE=4$, line $EC$ intersects line $AH$ at $G$, and $F$ is on line $AD$ with $GF \perp AF$. Find the length of $GF$.

2003amc10a22.gif

$\mathrm{(A) \ } 16\qquad \mathrm{(B) \ } 20\qquad \mathrm{(C) \ } 24\qquad \mathrm{(D) \ } 28\qquad \mathrm{(E) \ } 30$

Solution

Solution 1

$\angle GCH = \angle ABH$ (Opposite angles are equal).

$\angle F = \angle B$ (Both are 90 degrees).

$\angle BHA = \angle HAD$ (Alt. Interior Angles are congruent).

Therefore $\triangle GFA$ and $\triangle ABH$ are similar. $\triangle GCH$ and $\triangle GEA$ are also similar.

$DA$ is 9, therefore $EA$ must equal 5. Similarly, $CH$ must equal 3.

Because $GCH$ and $GEA$ are similar, the ratio of $CH\; =\; 3$ and $EA\; =\; 5$, must also hold true for $GH$ and $HA$. $\frac{GH}{GA} = \frac{3}{5}$, so $HA$ is $\frac{2}{5}$ of $GA$. By Pythagorean theorem, $(HA)^2\; =\; (HB)^2\; +\; (BA)^2\;...\;HA=10$.

$HA\: =\: 10 =\: \frac{2}{5}*(GA)$.

$GA\: =\: 25.$

So $\frac{GA}{HA}\: =\: \frac{GF}{BA}$.

$\frac{25}{10}\: =\: \frac{GF}{8}$.

Therefore $GF= \boxed{\mathrm{(B)}\ 20}$.

Solution 2

Since $ABCD$ is a rectangle, $CD=AB=8$.

Since $ABCD$ is a rectangle and $GF \perp AF$, $\angle GFE = \angle CDE = \angle ABC = 90^\circ$.

Since $ABCD$ is a rectangle, $AD || BC$.

So, $AH$ is a transversal, and $\angle GAF = \angle AHB$.

This is sufficient to prove that $GFE \approx CDE$ and $GFA \approx ABH$.

Using ratios:

$\frac{GF}{FE}=\frac{CD}{DE}$

$\frac{GF}{FD+4}=\frac{8}{4}=2$

$GF=2 \cdot (FD+4)=2 \cdot FD+8$

$\frac{GF}{FA}=\frac{AB}{BH}$

$\frac{GF}{FD+9}=\frac{8}{6}=\frac{4}{3}$

$GF=\frac{4}{3} \cdot (FD+9)=\frac{4}{3} \cdot FD+12$

Since $GF$ can't have 2 different lengths, both expressions for $GF$ must be equal.

$2 \cdot FD+8=\frac{4}{3} \cdot FD+12$

$\frac{2}{3} \cdot FD=4$

$FD=6$

$GF=2 \cdot FD+8=2\cdot6+8=\boxed{\mathrm{(B)}\ 20}$

Solution 3

Since $ABCD$ is a rectangle, $CD=3$, $EA=5$, and $CD=8$. From the Pythagorean Theorem, $CE^2=CD^2+DE^2=80\Rightarrow CE=4\sqrt{5}$.

Lemma

Statement: $GCH \approx GEA$

Proof: $\angle CGH=\angle EGA$, obviously.

$\begin{eqnarray} \angle HCE=180^{\circ}-\angle CHG\\ \angle DCE=\angle CHG-90^{\circ}\\ \angle CEED=180-\angle CHG\\ \angle GEA=\angle GCH \end{eqnarray}$ (Error compiling LaTeX. Unknown error_msg)

Since two angles of the triangles are equal, the third angles must equal each other. Therefore, the triangles are similar.


Let $GC=x$.

\begin{eqnarray} \dfrac{x}{3}=\dfrac{x+4\sqrt{5}}{5}\\ 5x=3x+12\sqrt{5}\\ 2x=12\sqrt{5}\\ x=6\sqrt{5} \end{eqnarray}

Also, $\triangle GFE\approx \triangle CDE$, therefore

\[\dfrac{8}{4\sqrt{5}}=\dfrac{GF}{10\sqrt{5}}\]

We can multiply both sides by $\sqrt{5}$ to get that $GF$ is twice of 10, or $\boxed{\mathrm{(B)}\ 20}$

Solution 4

We extend $BC$ such that it intersects $GF$ at $X$. Since $ABCD$ is a rectangle, it follows that $CD=8$, therefore, $XF=8$. Let $GX=y$. From the similarity of triangles $GCH$ and $GEA$, we have the ratio $3:5$ (as $CH=9-6=3$, and $EA=9-4=5$). $GX$ and $GF$ are the altitudes of $GCH$ and $GEA$, respectively. Thus, $y:y+8 = 3:5$, from which we have $y=12$, thus $GF=y+8=12+8=\boxed{\mathrm{(B)}\ 20}$

See Also

2003 AMC 10A (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 21 		Followed by
Problem 23
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All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions
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