Chebyshev's Inequality
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Chebyshev's inequality, named after Pafnuty Chebyshev, states that if and then the following inequality holds:
.
On the other hand, if and then: .
Proof
Chebyshev's inequality is a consequence of the Rearrangement inequality, which gives us that the sum is maximal when .
Now, by adding the inequalities:
we get the initial inequality.