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Difference between revisions of "1954 AHSME Problems/Problem 37"

(Created page with "== Problem 37== Given <math>\triangle PQR</math> with <math>\overline{RS}</math> bisecting <math>\angle R</math>, <math>PQ</math> extended to <math>D</math> and <math>\angle ...")
 
(→‎Partial Solution)
Line 51: Line 51:
 
== Partial Solution ==
 
== Partial Solution ==
 
<asy>
 
<asy>
 +
import math;
 
path anglemark2(pair A, pair B, pair C, real t=8, bool flip=false)
 
path anglemark2(pair A, pair B, pair C, real t=8, bool flip=false)
 
{
 
{
Line 73: Line 74:
 
draw(R--Sp);
 
draw(R--Sp);
 
draw(P--D--M);
 
draw(P--D--M);
 +
pen f=fontsize(10pt);
 
pair pI=extension(D,M,R,Q);
 
pair pI=extension(D,M,R,Q);
−
void label("$O$",pI,f);
+
label("$O$",pI+(-0.2,0.166),f);
 
draw(anglemark2(Sp,P,R,17));
 
draw(anglemark2(Sp,P,R,17));
 
label("$p$",P+(0.35,0.1));
 
label("$p$",P+(0.35,0.1));
Line 85: Line 87:
 
draw(anglemark2(M,D,P,29));
 
draw(anglemark2(M,D,P,29));
 
label("$d$",D+(-0.75,0.095));
 
label("$d$",D+(-0.75,0.095));
−
pen f=fontsize(10pt);
 
 
label("$R$",R,N,f);
 
label("$R$",R,N,f);
−
label("$M$",M+(-.067,.067),f);
+
label("$M$",M+(-.07,.07),f);
−
label("$N$",Np+(-.07,.14),f);
+
label("$N$",Np+(-.08,.15),f);
 
label("$P$",P,S,f);
 
label("$P$",P,S,f);
 
label("$S$",Sp,S,f);
 
label("$S$",Sp,S,f);
 
label("$Q$",Q,S,f);
 
label("$Q$",Q,S,f);
 
label("$D$",D,S,f);</asy>
 
label("$D$",D,S,f);</asy>
−
Looking at triangle PRQ, we have <math>\angle RPD+\angle RQS+\angle MRN=180</math> and from the given statement <math>\angle NMR=\frac{1}{2}\angle MRN</math>, so looking at triangle <math>\angle NMR=90-\frac{}{}</math>
+
Looking at triangle PRQ, we have <math>\angle RPD+\angle RQS+\angle MRN=180</math> and from the given statement <math>\angle NMR=\frac{1}{2}\angle MRN</math>, so looking at triangle MOR <math>\angle NMR=90-\frac{\angle RPD+\angle RQS}{2}</math>

Revision as of 19:42, 14 April 2016

Problem 37

Given $\triangle PQR$ with $\overline{RS}$ bisecting $\angle R$, $PQ$ extended to $D$ and $\angle n$ a right angle, then:

[asy] path anglemark2(pair A, pair B, pair C, real t=8, bool flip=false) { pair M,N; path mark; M=t*0.03*unit(A-B)+B; N=t*0.03*unit(C-B)+B; if(flip) mark=Arc(B,t*0.03,degrees(C-B)-360,degrees(A-B)); else mark=Arc(B,t*0.03,degrees(A-B),degrees(C-B)); return mark; } unitsize(1.5cm); defaultpen(linewidth(.8pt)+fontsize(8pt)); pair P=(0,0), R=(3,2), Q=(4,0); pair S0=bisectorpoint(P,R,Q); pair Sp=extension(P,Q,S0,R); pair D0=bisectorpoint(R,Sp), Np=midpoint(R--Sp); pair D=extension(Np,D0,P,Q), M=extension(Np,D0,P,R); draw(P--R--Q); draw(R--Sp); draw(P--D--M); draw(anglemark2(Sp,P,R,17)); label("$p$",P+(0.35,0.1)); draw(anglemark2(R,Q,P,11)); label("$q$",Q+(-0.17,0.1)); draw(anglemark2(R,Np,D,8,true)); label("$n$",Np+(+0.12,0.07)); draw(anglemark2(R,M,D,13,true)); label("$m$",M+(+0.25,0.03)); draw(anglemark2(M,D,P,29)); label("$d$",D+(-0.75,0.095)); pen f=fontsize(10pt); label("$R$",R,N,f); label("$P$",P,S,f); label("$S$",Sp,S,f); label("$Q$",Q,S,f); label("$D$",D,S,f);[/asy]

$\textbf{(A)}\ \angle m = \frac {1}{2}(\angle p - \angle q) \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \angle m = \frac {1}{2}(\angle p + \angle q)$ $\textbf{(C)}\ \angle d =\frac{1}{2}(\angle q+\angle p)\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \angle d =\frac{1}{2}\angle m\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \text{none of these is correct}$

Partial Solution

[asy] import math; path anglemark2(pair A, pair B, pair C, real t=8, bool flip=false) { pair M,N; path mark; M=t*0.03*unit(A-B)+B; N=t*0.03*unit(C-B)+B; if(flip) mark=Arc(B,t*0.03,degrees(C-B)-360,degrees(A-B)); else mark=Arc(B,t*0.03,degrees(A-B),degrees(C-B)); return mark; } unitsize(1.5cm); defaultpen(linewidth(.8pt)+fontsize(8pt)); pair P=(0,0), R=(3,2), Q=(4,0); pair S0=bisectorpoint(P,R,Q); pair Sp=extension(P,Q,S0,R); pair D0=bisectorpoint(R,Sp), Np=midpoint(R--Sp); pair D=extension(Np,D0,P,Q), M=extension(Np,D0,P,R); draw(P--R--Q); draw(R--Sp); draw(P--D--M); pen f=fontsize(10pt); pair pI=extension(D,M,R,Q); label("$O$",pI+(-0.2,0.166),f); draw(anglemark2(Sp,P,R,17)); label("$p$",P+(0.35,0.1)); draw(anglemark2(R,Q,P,11)); label("$q$",Q+(-0.17,0.1)); draw(anglemark2(R,Np,D,8,true)); label("$n$",Np+(+0.12,0.07)); draw(anglemark2(R,M,D,13,true)); label("$m$",M+(+0.25,0.03)); draw(anglemark2(M,D,P,29)); label("$d$",D+(-0.75,0.095)); label("$R$",R,N,f); label("$M$",M+(-.07,.07),f); label("$N$",Np+(-.08,.15),f); label("$P$",P,S,f); label("$S$",Sp,S,f); label("$Q$",Q,S,f); label("$D$",D,S,f);[/asy] Looking at triangle PRQ, we have $\angle RPD+\angle RQS+\angle MRN=180$ and from the given statement $\angle NMR=\frac{1}{2}\angle MRN$, so looking at triangle MOR $\angle NMR=90-\frac{\angle RPD+\angle RQS}{2}$

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