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Difference between revisions of "2019 AMC 12B Problems/Problem 9"

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The lower bound for x would be x=4, where the sides of the triangle would be (2,1,3). The upper bound for x would be x=4, where the sides of the triangle would be (6,3,3). The number of integers strictly between 4 and 64 is 64 - 4 - 1 = 59
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Note <math>x=4</math> is a lower bound for <math>x</math>, corresponding to a triangle with side lengths <math>(2,1,3)</math>. If <math>x\leq4</math>,  <math>log_2x+log_4x\leq3</math>,  violating the triangle inequality.
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Note also that <math>x=64</math> is an upper bound for <math>x</math>, corresponding to a triangle with side lengths <math>(6,3,3)</math>. If <math>x\geq64</math>,  <math>log_4x+3\leq log_2x</math>,  again violating the triangle inequality.
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It is easy to verify all <math>4<x<64</math> satisfy <math>log_2x+log_4x>3</math> and <math>log_4x+3>log_2x</math> (the third inequality is satisfied trivially). The number of integers strictly between <math>4</math> and <math>64</math> is <math>64 - 4 - 1 = 59</math>.
  
 
-DrJoyo
 
-DrJoyo

Revision as of 14:57, 14 February 2019

Problem

For how many integral values of $x$ can a triangle of positive area be formed having side lengths $\log_{2} x, \log_{4} x, 3$?

Solution

Note $x=4$ is a lower bound for $x$, corresponding to a triangle with side lengths $(2,1,3)$. If $x\leq4$, $log_2x+log_4x\leq3$, violating the triangle inequality.

Note also that $x=64$ is an upper bound for $x$, corresponding to a triangle with side lengths $(6,3,3)$. If $x\geq64$, $log_4x+3\leq log_2x$, again violating the triangle inequality.

It is easy to verify all $4<x<64$ satisfy $log_2x+log_4x>3$ and $log_4x+3>log_2x$ (the third inequality is satisfied trivially). The number of integers strictly between $4$ and $64$ is $64 - 4 - 1 = 59$.

-DrJoyo

Solution 2

Note that $log_2{x} + log_4{x} > 3$, $log_2{x} + 3 > log_4{x}$, and $log_4{x} + 3 > log_2{x}$. The second one is redundant, as it's less restrictive in all cases than the last.

Let's raise the first to the power of $4$. $4^{log_2{x}} \cdot 4^{log_4{x}} > 64 \Rightarrow x^2 \cdot x > 64$. Thus, $x > 4$.

Doing the same for the second nets us: $4^{log_4{x}} \cdot 64 > 4^{log_2{x}} \Rightarrow 64x > x^2 \Rightarrow x < 64$.

Thus, x is an integer strictly between $64$ and $4$: $64 - 4 - 1 = 59$.

- Robin's solution

See Also

2019 AMC 12B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 8 		Followed by
Problem 10
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25
All AMC 12 Problems and Solutions

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