Difference between revisions of "2006 Indonesia MO Problems/Problem 1"
Rockmanex3 (talk | contribs) (Solution to Problem 1 — nonlinear system) |
Rockmanex3 (talk | contribs) m (Solution edits) |
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'''Case 1: <math>x=y</math> and <math>x=-y</math>''' | '''Case 1: <math>x=y</math> and <math>x=-y</math>''' | ||
− | Solving this system results in <math>(0,0)</math>. | + | Solving this system results in <math>(0,0)</math>. Plugging the x and y values back in satisfies the original equation. |
'''Case 2: <math>x=y</math> and <math>x^2 - xy + y^2 = 2</math>''' | '''Case 2: <math>x=y</math> and <math>x^2 - xy + y^2 = 2</math>''' | ||
− | Substitution results in <math>x^2 = 2</math>, so solving this system results in <math>(\sqrt{2},\sqrt{2})</math> and <math>(-\sqrt{2},-\sqrt{2})</math>. | + | Substitution results in <math>x^2 = 2</math>, so solving this system results in <math>(\sqrt{2},\sqrt{2})</math> and <math>(-\sqrt{2},-\sqrt{2})</math>. Plugging the x and y values back in for each ordered pair satisfies the original equation. |
'''Case 3: <math>x^2 + xy + y^2 = 4</math> and <math>x=-y</math>''' | '''Case 3: <math>x^2 + xy + y^2 = 4</math> and <math>x=-y</math>''' | ||
− | Substitution results in <math>y^2 = 4</math>, so solving this system results in <math>(2,-2)</math> and <math>(-2,2)</math>. | + | Substitution results in <math>y^2 = 4</math>, so solving this system results in <math>(2,-2)</math> and <math>(-2,2)</math>. Plugging the x and y values back in for each ordered pair satisfies the original equation. |
'''Case 4: <math>x^2 + xy + y^2 = 4</math> and <math>x^2 - xy + y^2 = 2</math>''' | '''Case 4: <math>x^2 + xy + y^2 = 4</math> and <math>x^2 - xy + y^2 = 2</math>''' | ||
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− | Therefore, there are four ordered pairs — <math>(\sqrt{\frac{3 + \sqrt{5}}{2}},\sqrt{\frac{3 - \sqrt{5}}{2}}), (-\sqrt{\frac{3 + \sqrt{5}}{2}}, -\sqrt{\frac{3 - \sqrt{5}}{2}}), </math> <math>(\sqrt{\frac{3 - \sqrt{5}}{2}}, \sqrt{\frac{3 + \sqrt{5}}{2}}), (-\sqrt{\frac{3 - \sqrt{5}}{2}}, -\sqrt{\frac{3 + \sqrt{5}}{2}}).</math> | + | Therefore, there are four ordered pairs — <math>(\sqrt{\frac{3 + \sqrt{5}}{2}},\sqrt{\frac{3 - \sqrt{5}}{2}}), (-\sqrt{\frac{3 + \sqrt{5}}{2}}, -\sqrt{\frac{3 - \sqrt{5}}{2}}), </math> <math>(\sqrt{\frac{3 - \sqrt{5}}{2}}, \sqrt{\frac{3 + \sqrt{5}}{2}}), (-\sqrt{\frac{3 - \sqrt{5}}{2}}, -\sqrt{\frac{3 + \sqrt{5}}{2}}).</math> Plugging the x and y values back in for each ordered pair satisfies the original equation. |
<br> | <br> | ||
− | In total, there are nine | + | In total, there are nine ordered pairs of real numbers that satisfy the original equation, which are listed in each case. |
==See Also== | ==See Also== |
Latest revision as of 11:29, 17 March 2020
Problem
Find all pairs of real numbers which satisfy
and
.
Solution
Factoring and rearranging terms for both equations results in and
. By the Zero Product Property,
or
in the first equation, and
and
in the second equation. In order for the solution to satisfy both equations, it must satisfy at least one of the conditions in each equation. Now there are four cases to consider.
Case 1: and
Solving this system results in . Plugging the x and y values back in satisfies the original equation.
Case 2: and
Substitution results in , so solving this system results in
and
. Plugging the x and y values back in for each ordered pair satisfies the original equation.
Case 3: and
Substitution results in , so solving this system results in
and
. Plugging the x and y values back in for each ordered pair satisfies the original equation.
Case 4: and
Subtracting the second equation from the first equation results in , so
. Thus,
and
, so
.
Multiplying both sides by and bringing all terms to one side results in
. By using the Quadratic Formula,
, and both quantities are positive. If
, then
(and vice versa). Since
,
and
must have the same sign.
Therefore, there are four ordered pairs —
Plugging the x and y values back in for each ordered pair satisfies the original equation.
In total, there are nine ordered pairs of real numbers that satisfy the original equation, which are listed in each case.
See Also
2006 Indonesia MO (Problems) | ||
Preceded by First Problem |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 | Followed by Problem 2 |
All Indonesia MO Problems and Solutions |