Art of Problem Solving
AoPS Online
Math texts, online classes, and more
for students in grades 5-12.
Visit AoPS Online ‚
Books for Grades 5-12 Online Courses
Beast Academy
Engaging math books and online learning
for students ages 6-13.
Visit Beast Academy ‚
Books for Ages 6-13 Beast Academy Online
AoPS Academy
Small live classes for advanced math
and language arts learners in grades 2-12.
Visit AoPS Academy ‚
Find a Physical Campus Visit the Virtual Campus

Difference between revisions of "Aczel's Inequality"
m (→‎General Form)
Line 14: Line 14:
 
be <math>m</math> sequences of positive real numbers such that <math>a_{i1}^{ p_i} - a_{i2}^{ p_i} - \dots - a_{in}^{ p_i} > 0</math> for <math>i=1,\dots,m </math>. Then   
 
be <math>m</math> sequences of positive real numbers such that <math>a_{i1}^{ p_i} - a_{i2}^{ p_i} - \dots - a_{in}^{ p_i} > 0</math> for <math>i=1,\dots,m </math>. Then   
  
−
<center><math> \prod_{i=1}^m  
+
<center><math> \prod_{i=1}^m a_{i1} - \prod_{i=1}^m a_{i2} -\dots- \prod_{i=1}^m a_{in} \ge\prod_{i=1}^m  
−
(a_{i1}^{ p_i} - a_{i2}^{ p_i} - \dots - a_{in}^{ p_i})^\frac 1{ p_i} \le \prod_{i=1}^m a_{i1} - \prod_{i=1}^m a_{i2} -\dots- \prod_{i=1}^m a_{in} </math></center>
+
(a_{i1}^{ p_i} - a_{i2}^{ p_i} - \dots - a_{in}^{ p_i})^\frac 1{ p_i}</math></center>
 
with equality if and only if all the sequences are proportional.
 
with equality if and only if all the sequences are proportional.
−
 
  
 
== References ==
 
== References ==

Revision as of 12:58, 11 March 2011

Aczél's Inequality states that if $a_1^2>a_2^2+\cdots +a_n^2$ or $b_1^2>b_2^2+\cdots +b_n^2$, then

$(a_1b_1-a_2b_2-\cdots -a_nb_n)^2\geq (a_1^2-a_2^2-\cdots -a_n^2)(b_1^2-b_2^2-\cdots -b_n^2).$


Proof

Consider the function $f(x)=(a_1 x - b_1)^2-\sum_{i=2}^n(a_i x - b_i)^2=$ $(a_1^2-a_2^2-\cdots -a_n^2)x^2-2(a_1b_1-a_2b_2-\cdots -a_nb_n)x+(b_1^2-b_2^2-\cdots -b_n^2)$.

We have $f\left( \frac{b_1}{a_1} \right)=-\sum_{i=2}^n\left(a_i \frac{b_1}{a_1} - b_i\right)^2\leq 0$, and from $a_1^2>a_2^2+\cdots +a_n^2$ we get $\lim_{x\rightarrow \infty}f(x)\rightarrow \infty$. Therefore, $f(x)$ must have at least one root, $\Leftrightarrow$ $D=(a_1b_1-a_2b_2-\cdots -a_nb_n)^2- (a_1^2-a_2^2-\cdots -a_n^2)(b_1^2-b_2^2-\cdots -b_n^2)\geq 0$.


General Form

Let $p_1,\dots,p_m \ge1$ such that $\sum_{i=1}^m\frac1{p_i} = 1$ and let

$(a_{11}, \dots,a_{1n}),$

\[\vdots\]

$(a_{m1}, \dots , a_{mn})$

be $m$ sequences of positive real numbers such that $a_{i1}^{ p_i} - a_{i2}^{ p_i} - \dots - a_{in}^{ p_i} > 0$ for $i=1,\dots,m$. Then

$\prod_{i=1}^m a_{i1} - \prod_{i=1}^m a_{i2} -\dots- \prod_{i=1}^m a_{in} \ge\prod_{i=1}^m (a_{i1}^{ p_i} - a_{i2}^{ p_i} - \dots - a_{in}^{ p_i})^\frac 1{ p_i}$

with equality if and only if all the sequences are proportional.

References

  • Mascioni, Vania, A note on Aczél-type inequalities, JIPAM volume 3 (2002), issue 5, article 69.
  • Popoviciu, T., Sur quelques inégalités, Gaz. Mat. Fiz. Ser. A, 11 (64) (1959) 451–461

See also

This article is a stub. Help us out by expanding it.

Retrieved from "https://artofproblemsolving.com/wiki/index.php?title=Aczel%27s_Inequality&oldid=37344"