2013 AMC 10B Problems/Problem 24
Problem
A positive integer is nice if there is a positive integer with exactly four positive divisors (including and ) such that the sum of the four divisors is equal to . How many numbers in the set are nice?
Solution
A positive integer with only four positive divisors has its prime factorization in the form of , where and are both prime positive integers or c^3 where c is a prime. One can easily deduce that none of the numbers are even near a cube so that case is finished. We now look at the case of . The four factors of this number would be , , , and . The sum of these would be , which can be factored into the form . Easily we can see that Now we can take cases again.
Case 1: Either or is 2.
If this is true then we have to have that one of or is even and that one is 3. So we have that in this case the only numbers that work are odd multiples of 3 which are 2010 and 2016. So we just have to check if either or is a prime. We see that is the only one that works in this case.
Case 2: Both and are odd primes.
This implies that both and are even which implies that in this case the number must be divisible by . This leaves only and . We know works so it suffices to check whether works. so we have that a factor of must go to both and . So we have that and equal the numbers , but this contradicts our assumption for the case. Thus the answer is as is the only solution.
Note: 2016/3-1=672-1=671=61*11, so why did we get the right answer?