2013 EGMO Problems

Revision as of 12:37, 24 December 2022 by Mathjams (talk | contribs) (Created page with "==Day 1== ===Problem 1=== The side <math>BC</math> of the triangle <math>ABC</math> is extended beyond <math>C</math> to <math>D</math> so that <math>CD = BC</math>. The side...")
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)

Day 1

Problem 1

The side $BC$ of the triangle $ABC$ is extended beyond $C$ to $D$ so that $CD = BC$. The side $CA$ is extended beyond $A$ to $E$ so that $AE = 2CA$. Prove that, if $AD=BE$, then the triangle $ABC$ is right-angled.

Solution

Problem 2

Determine all integers $m$ for which the $m \times m$ square can be dissected into five rectangles, the side lengths of which are the integers $1,2,3,\ldots,10$ in some order.

Solution

Problem 3

Let $n$ be a positive integer.

(a) Prove that there exists a set $S$ of $6n$ pairwise different positive integers, such that the least common multiple of any two elements of $S$ is no larger than $32n^2$.

(b) Prove that every set $T$ of $6n$ pairwise different positive integers contains two elements the least common multiple of which is larger than $9n^2$.

Solution

Day 2

Problem 4

Find all positive integers $a$ and $b$ for which there are three consecutive integers at which the polynomial\[P(n) = \frac{n^5+a}{b}\]takes integer values.

Solution

Problem 5

Let $\Omega$ be the circumcircle of the triangle $ABC$. The circle $\omega$ is tangent to the sides $AC$ and $BC$, and it is internally tangent to the circle $\Omega$ at the point $P$. A line parallel to $AB$ intersecting the interior of triangle $ABC$ is tangent to $\omega$ at $Q$.

Prove that $\angle ACP = \angle QCB$.

Solution

Problem 6

Snow White and the Seven Dwarves are living in their house in the forest. On each of $16$ consecutive days, some of the dwarves worked in the diamond mine while the remaining dwarves collected berries in the forest. No dwarf performed both types of work on the same day. On any two different (not necessarily consecutive) days, at least three dwarves each performed both types of work. Further, on the first day, all seven dwarves worked in the diamond mine.

Prove that, on one of these $16$ days, all seven dwarves were collecting berries.

Solution