# Difference between revisions of "1982 USAMO Problems"

Problems from the 1982 USAMO.

## Problem 1

In a party with $1982$ persons, among any group of four there is at least one person who knows each of the other three. What is the minimum number of people in the party who know everyone else.

## Problem 2

Let $X_r=x^r+y^r+z^r$ with $x,y,z$ real. It is known that if $S_1=0$,

$(*)$ $\frac{S_{m+n}}{m+n}=\frac{S_m}{m}\frac{S_n}{n}$

for $(m,n)=(2,3),(3,2),(2,5)$, or $(5,2)$. Determine all other pairs of integers $(m,n)$ if any, so that $(*)$ holds for all real numbers $x,y,z$ such that $x+y+z=0$.

## Problem 3

If a point $A_1$ is in the interior of an equilateral triangle $ABC$ and point $A_2$ is in the interior of $\triangle{A_1BC}$, prove that

$I.Q. (A_1BC) > I.Q.(A_2BC)$,

where the isoperimetric quotient of a figure $F$ is defined by

$I.Q.(F) = \frac{\text{Area (F)}}{\text{[Perimeter (F)]}^2}$

## Problem 4

Prove that there exists a positive integer $k$ such that $k\cdot2^n+1$ is composite for every integer $n$.

## Problem 5

$O$ is the center of a sphere $S$. Points $A, B, C$ are inside $S$, $OA$ is perpendicular to $AB$ and $AC$, and there are two spheres through $A, B$, and $C$ which touch $S$. Show that the sum of their radii equals the radius of $S$.