Difference between revisions of "2016 AMC 12A Problems/Problem 12"
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== Solution 1== | == Solution 1== | ||
− | + | By the angle bisector theorem, <math>\frac{AB}{AE} = \frac{CB}{CE}</math> | |
− | < | + | <math>\frac{6}{AE} = \frac{7}{8 - AE}</math> so <math>AE = \frac{48}{13}</math> |
− | + | Similarly, <math>CD = 4</math>. | |
− | < | + | Now, we use [[mass points]]. Assign point <math>C</math> a mass of <math>1</math>. |
− | + | <math>mC \cdot CD = mB \cdot DB</math> , so <math>mB = \frac{4}{3}</math> | |
− | < | + | Similarly, <math>A</math> will have a mass of <math>\frac{7}{6}</math> |
+ | <math>mD = mC + mB = 1 + \frac{4}{3} = \frac{7}{3}</math> | ||
− | + | So <math>\frac{AF}{AD} = \frac{mD}{mA} = \boxed{\textbf{(C)}\; 2 : 1}</math> | |
+ | == Solution 2== | ||
− | + | Denote <math>[\triangle{ABC}]</math> as the area of triangle ABC and let <math>r</math> be the inradius. Also, as above, use the angle bisector theorem to find that <math>BD = 3</math>. There are two ways to continue from here: | |
− | < | + | <math>1.</math> Note that <math>F</math> is the incenter. Then, <math>\frac{AF}{FD} = \frac{[\triangle{AFB}]}{[\triangle{BFD}]} = \frac{AB * \frac{r}{2}}{BD * \frac{r}{2}} = \frac{AB}{BD} = \boxed{\textbf{(C)}\; 2 : 1}</math> |
− | + | <math>2.</math> Apply the angle bisector theorem on <math>\triangle{ABD}</math> to get <math>\frac{AF}{FD} = \frac{AB}{BD} = \frac{6}{3} = \boxed{\textbf{(C)}\; 2 : 1}</math> | |
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− | + | ==Solution 3== | |
+ | Draw the third angle bisector, and denote the point where this bisector intersects <math>AB</math> as <math>P</math>. Using angle bisector theorem, we see <math>AE=48/13 , EC=56/13, AP=16/5, PB=14/5</math>. Applying [https://artofproblemsolving.com/wiki/index.php/Van_Aubel%27s_Theorem Van Aubel's Theorem], <math>AF/FD=(48/13)/(56/13) + (16/5)/(14/5)=(6/7)+(8/7)=14/7=2/1</math>, and so the answer is <math>\boxed{\textbf{(C)}\; 2 : 1}</math>. | ||
− | + | == Solution 4== | |
+ | One only needs the angle bisector theorem, the segment addition postulate, and some simple algebra to solve this question. | ||
− | + | The question asks for AF:DF. Apply the angle bisector theorem to <math>\triangle ABD</math> to get the ratio <math>\frac {AF}{DF}</math> : | |
− | < | + | <math>\frac {AF}{AB}</math> = <math>\frac {DF}{BD}</math> or, equivalently, |
− | + | <math>\frac {AF}{DF}</math> = <math>\frac {AB}{BD}</math>. | |
− | < | + | AB is given. To find BD apply the angle bisector theorem to <math>\triangle ABC</math> to get: |
− | = | + | <math>\frac {BD}{AB}</math> = <math>\frac {CD}{AC}</math> |
− | + | ---> <math>\frac {BD}{AB}</math> = <math>\frac {BC - BD}{AC}</math> since, by the segment addition postulate, BD + CD = BC | |
− | + | ---> BD = <math>\frac {AB*BC}{AC + AB}</math>. | |
− | + | Substituting this expression for BD into the proportion <math>\frac {AF}{DF}</math> = <math>\frac {AB}{BD}</math> yields: | |
− | + | <math>\frac {AF}{DF}</math> = <math>\frac {AB}{BD}</math> = <math>\frac {AC + AB}{BC}</math> = <math>\frac {8 + 6}{7}</math> = 2. | |
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==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
{{AMC12 box|year=2016|ab=A|num-b=11|num-a=13}} | {{AMC12 box|year=2016|ab=A|num-b=11|num-a=13}} | ||
{{MAA Notice}} | {{MAA Notice}} |
Revision as of 13:47, 31 December 2020
Problem 12
In , , , and . Point lies on , and bisects . Point lies on , and bisects . The bisectors intersect at . What is the ratio : ?
Solution 1
By the angle bisector theorem,
so
Similarly, .
Now, we use mass points. Assign point a mass of .
, so
Similarly, will have a mass of
So
Solution 2
Denote as the area of triangle ABC and let be the inradius. Also, as above, use the angle bisector theorem to find that . There are two ways to continue from here:
Note that is the incenter. Then,
Apply the angle bisector theorem on to get
Solution 3
Draw the third angle bisector, and denote the point where this bisector intersects as . Using angle bisector theorem, we see . Applying Van Aubel's Theorem, , and so the answer is .
Solution 4
One only needs the angle bisector theorem, the segment addition postulate, and some simple algebra to solve this question.
The question asks for AF:DF. Apply the angle bisector theorem to to get the ratio :
= or, equivalently,
= .
AB is given. To find BD apply the angle bisector theorem to to get:
=
---> = since, by the segment addition postulate, BD + CD = BC
---> BD = .
Substituting this expression for BD into the proportion = yields:
= = = = 2.
See Also
2016 AMC 12A (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | |
Preceded by Problem 11 |
Followed by Problem 13 |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25 | |
All AMC 12 Problems and Solutions |
The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions.