2016 APMO Problems/Problem 5

Problem

Find all functions $f: \mathbb{R}^+ \to \mathbb{R}^+$ such that $(z + 1)f(x + y) = f(xf(z) + y) + f(yf(z) + x),$ for all positive real numbers $x, y, z$ .

Solution

We claim that $f(x)=x$ is the only solution. It is easy to check that it works. Now, we will break things down in several claims.

Claim 1: $f$ is injective.

Proof:

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2016 APMO Problems/Problem 5

Problem

Solution