Difference between revisions of "2003 AIME I Problems/Problem 2"
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One hundred [[concentric]] [[circle]]s with [[radius | radii]] <math> 1, 2, 3, \dots, 100 </math> are drawn in a plane. The interior of the circle of radius <math>1</math> is colored red, and each region bounded by consecutive circles is colored either red or green, with no two adjacent regions the same color. The [[ratio]] of the total area of the green regions to the area of the circle of radius <math>100</math> can be expressed as <math> m/n, </math> where <math> m </math> and <math> n </math> are [[relatively prime]] [[positive integer]]s. Find <math> m + n. </math> | One hundred [[concentric]] [[circle]]s with [[radius | radii]] <math> 1, 2, 3, \dots, 100 </math> are drawn in a plane. The interior of the circle of radius <math>1</math> is colored red, and each region bounded by consecutive circles is colored either red or green, with no two adjacent regions the same color. The [[ratio]] of the total area of the green regions to the area of the circle of radius <math>100</math> can be expressed as <math> m/n, </math> where <math> m </math> and <math> n </math> are [[relatively prime]] [[positive integer]]s. Find <math> m + n. </math> | ||
− | == Solution == | + | == Solution 1 == |
To get the green area, we can color all the circles of radius <math>100</math> or below green, then color all those with radius <math>99</math> or below red, then color all those with radius <math>98</math> or below green, and so forth. This amounts to adding the area of the circle of radius <math>100</math>, but subtracting the circle of radius <math>99</math>, then adding the circle of radius <math>98</math>, and so forth. | To get the green area, we can color all the circles of radius <math>100</math> or below green, then color all those with radius <math>99</math> or below red, then color all those with radius <math>98</math> or below green, and so forth. This amounts to adding the area of the circle of radius <math>100</math>, but subtracting the circle of radius <math>99</math>, then adding the circle of radius <math>98</math>, and so forth. | ||
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− | Also, using the difference of squares, the expression simplifies to <math>\frac{100 + 99 + 98 + 97 + ... + 1}{100^2}</math>. | + | Also, using the difference of squares, the expression simplifies to <math>\frac{100 + 99 + 98 + 97 + ... + 1}{100^2}</math>. We can easily determine the sum with <math>\frac{100(101)}{2} = 5050</math>. Simplifying gives us <math>\frac{5050}{100^2} = \frac{101}{200}</math> and the answer is <math>101 + 200 =\boxed{301}</math>. |
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+ | ---- | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Solution 2 (synergy) == | ||
+ | |||
+ | We want to find <math>\frac{\sum\limits_{n=1}^{50} (4n-1)\pi}{10000\pi}=\frac{\sum\limits_{n=1}^{50} (4n-1)}{10000}=\frac{(\sum\limits_{n=1}^{50} (4n) )-50}{10000}=\frac{101}{200} \rightarrow 101+200=\boxed{301}</math> | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Solution 3 (Alcumus) == | ||
+ | |||
+ | The sum of the areas of the green regions is | ||
+ | |||
+ | <cmath>\left[(2^2-1^2)+(4^2-3^2)+(6^2-5^2)+\cdots+(100^2-99^2)\right]\pi</cmath> | ||
+ | <cmath>=\left[(2+1)+(4+3)+(6+5)+\cdots+(100+99)\right]\pi</cmath> | ||
+ | <cmath>={1\over2}\cdot100\cdot101\pi.</cmath> | ||
+ | |||
+ | Thus the desired ratio is<cmath>{1\over2}\cdot{{100\cdot101\pi}\over{100^2\pi}}={101\over200},</cmath>and <math>m+n=\boxed{301}</math>. | ||
== See also == | == See also == |
Latest revision as of 15:49, 8 March 2021
Problem
One hundred concentric circles with radii are drawn in a plane. The interior of the circle of radius
is colored red, and each region bounded by consecutive circles is colored either red or green, with no two adjacent regions the same color. The ratio of the total area of the green regions to the area of the circle of radius
can be expressed as
where
and
are relatively prime positive integers. Find
Solution 1
To get the green area, we can color all the circles of radius or below green, then color all those with radius
or below red, then color all those with radius
or below green, and so forth. This amounts to adding the area of the circle of radius
, but subtracting the circle of radius
, then adding the circle of radius
, and so forth.
The total green area is thus given by , while the total area is given by
, so the ratio is
For any ,
. We can cancel the factor of pi from the numerator and denominator and simplify the ratio to
Using the formula for the sum of an arithmetic series, we see that this is equal to
so the answer is .
Alternatively, we can determine a pattern through trial-and-error using smaller numbers.
- For
circles, the ratio is
.
- For
circles, the ratio is
.
- For
circles, the ratio is
.
- For
circles, the ratio is
.
Now the pattern for each ratio is clear. Given circles, the ratio is
.
For the
circle case (which is what this problem is),
, and the ratio is
.
Also, using the difference of squares, the expression simplifies to . We can easily determine the sum with
. Simplifying gives us
and the answer is
.
Solution 2 (synergy)
We want to find
Solution 3 (Alcumus)
The sum of the areas of the green regions is
Thus the desired ratio isand
.
See also
2003 AIME I (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
Preceded by Problem 1 |
Followed by Problem 3 | |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 | ||
All AIME Problems and Solutions |
The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions.