Difference between revisions of "2021 IMO Problems/Problem 4"
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Let <math>O</math> be the centre of <math>\Omega</math> | Let <math>O</math> be the centre of <math>\Omega</math> | ||
− | For <math>AB=BC</math> the result follows simply. By Pitot's Theorem we have <cmath>AB + CD = BC + AD</cmath> so that, < | + | For <math>AB=BC</math> the result follows simply. By Pitot's Theorem we have <cmath>AB + CD = BC + AD</cmath> so that, <math>AD = CD.</math> The configuration becomes symmetric about <math>OI</math> and the result follows immediately. |
Now assume WLOG <math>AB < BC</math>. Then <math>T</math> lies between <math>A</math> and <math>X</math> in the minor arc <math>AX</math> and <math>Z</math> lies between <math>Y</math> and <math>C</math> in the minor arc <math>YC</math>. | Now assume WLOG <math>AB < BC</math>. Then <math>T</math> lies between <math>A</math> and <math>X</math> in the minor arc <math>AX</math> and <math>Z</math> lies between <math>Y</math> and <math>C</math> in the minor arc <math>YC</math>. | ||
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We have <math>\angle CZX = \angle CAB</math> and <math>\angle IAC = \angle IZC</math>. So that, <cmath>\angle CZX - \angle IZC = \angle CAB - \angle IAC</cmath> <cmath>\angle IZX = \angle IAB</cmath>. Since <math>I</math> is the incenter of quadrilateral <math>ABCD</math>, <math>AI</math> is the angular bisector of <math>\angle DBA</math>. This gives us, <cmath>\angle IZX = \angle IAB = \angle IAD = \angle IAY</cmath>. Hence the chords <math>IX</math> and <math>IY</math> are equal. | We have <math>\angle CZX = \angle CAB</math> and <math>\angle IAC = \angle IZC</math>. So that, <cmath>\angle CZX - \angle IZC = \angle CAB - \angle IAC</cmath> <cmath>\angle IZX = \angle IAB</cmath>. Since <math>I</math> is the incenter of quadrilateral <math>ABCD</math>, <math>AI</math> is the angular bisector of <math>\angle DBA</math>. This gives us, <cmath>\angle IZX = \angle IAB = \angle IAD = \angle IAY</cmath>. Hence the chords <math>IX</math> and <math>IY</math> are equal. | ||
So <math>Y</math> is the reflection of <math>X</math> about <math>OI</math>. | So <math>Y</math> is the reflection of <math>X</math> about <math>OI</math>. | ||
− | + | Hence, <cmath>TX = YZ</cmath> and now it suffices to prove <cmath>AD + DT + XA = CD + DY + ZC</cmath> | |
− | + | Let <math>P, Q, N</math> and <math>M</math> be the tangency points of <math>\Gamma</math> with <math>AB, BC, CD</math> and <math>DA</math> respectively. Then by tangents we have, <math>AD = AM + MD = AP + ND</math>. So <math>AD + DT + XA = AP + ND + DT + XA = XP +NT</math>. | |
+ | Similarly we get, <math>CD + DY + ZC = ZQ + YM</math>. So it suffices to prove, <cmath>XP + NT = ZQ + YM</cmath>. |
Revision as of 05:22, 23 July 2021
Let be a circle with centre , and a convex quadrilateral such that each of the segments and is tangent to . Let be the circumcircle of the triangle . The extension of beyond meets at , and the extension of beyond meets at . The extensions of and beyond meet at and , respectively. Prove that
Let be the centre of For the result follows simply. By Pitot's Theorem we have so that, The configuration becomes symmetric about and the result follows immediately.
Now assume WLOG . Then lies between and in the minor arc and lies between and in the minor arc . Consider the cyclic quadrilateral . We have and . So that, . Since is the incenter of quadrilateral , is the angular bisector of . This gives us, . Hence the chords and are equal. So is the reflection of about . Hence, and now it suffices to prove Let and be the tangency points of with and respectively. Then by tangents we have, . So . Similarly we get, . So it suffices to prove, .