Difference between revisions of "2018 AMC 12B Problems/Problem 22"
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== Solution 2 (Casework) == | == Solution 2 (Casework) == | ||
Suppose that <math>P(x)=ax^3+bx^2+cx+d.</math> This problem is equivalent to counting the ordered quadruples <math>(a,b,c,d),</math> where all of <math>a,b,c,</math> and <math>d</math> are integers from <math>0</math> through <math>9</math> such that <math>P(-1)=-a+b-c+d=-9,</math> which rearranges to <cmath>b+d+9=a+c.</cmath> | Suppose that <math>P(x)=ax^3+bx^2+cx+d.</math> This problem is equivalent to counting the ordered quadruples <math>(a,b,c,d),</math> where all of <math>a,b,c,</math> and <math>d</math> are integers from <math>0</math> through <math>9</math> such that <math>P(-1)=-a+b-c+d=-9,</math> which rearranges to <cmath>b+d+9=a+c.</cmath> | ||
− | Note that <math>b+d+9</math> is an integer from <math>9</math> through <math>27,</math> . | + | Note that <math>b+d+9</math> is an integer from <math>9</math> through <math>27,</math> and <math>a+c</math> is an integer from <math>0</math> through <math>18.</math> Therefore, both of <math>b+d+9</math> and <math>a+c</math> are integers from <math>9</math> through <math>18.</math> We construct the following table: |
− | <cmath>\begin{array}{ | + | <cmath>\begin{array}{c|c|c|c|c} |
− | + | & & & & \ [-2.5ex] | |
− | \textbf{ | + | \boldsymbol{b+d} & \boldsymbol{\#}\textbf{ of Ordered Pairs }\boldsymbol{(b,d)} & \boldsymbol{a+c} & \boldsymbol{\#}\textbf{ of Ordered Pairs }\boldsymbol{(a,c)} & \boldsymbol{\#}\textbf{ of Ordered Quadruples }\boldsymbol{(a,b,c,d)} \ [0.5ex] |
\hline | \hline | ||
− | + | & & & & \ [-2ex] | |
− | 1 & 1 | + | 0 & 1 & 9 & 10 & 1\cdot10=10 \ |
− | 2 & | + | 1 & 2 & 10 & 9 & \phantom{0}2\cdot9=18 \ |
− | 3 & | + | 2 & 3 & 11 & 8 & \phantom{0}3\cdot8=24 \ |
− | + | 3 & 4 & 12 & 7 & \phantom{0}4\cdot7=28 \ | |
− | + | 4 & 5 & 13 & 6 & \phantom{0}5\cdot6=30 \ | |
− | + | 5 & 6 & 14 & 5 & \phantom{0}6\cdot5=30 \ | |
+ | 6 & 7 & 15 & 4 & \phantom{0}7\cdot4=28 \ | ||
+ | 7 & 8 & 16 & 3 & \phantom{0}8\cdot3=24 \ | ||
+ | 8 & 9 & 17 & 2 & \phantom{0}9\cdot2=18 \ | ||
+ | 9 & 10 & 18 & 1 & 10\cdot1=10 | ||
\end{array}</cmath> | \end{array}</cmath> | ||
+ | We sum up the counts in the last column to get the answer <math>2\cdot(10+18+24+28+30)=\boxed{\textbf{(D) } 220}.</math> | ||
~BJHHar ~MRENTHUSIASM | ~BJHHar ~MRENTHUSIASM |
Revision as of 21:32, 26 October 2021
Contents
[hide]Problem
Consider polynomials of degree at most , each of whose coefficients is an element of . How many such polynomials satisfy ?
Solution 1 (Stars and Bars)
Suppose that This problem is equivalent to counting the ordered quadruples where all of and are integers from through such that Let and Note that both of and are integers from through Moreover, the ordered quadruples and the ordered quadruples have one-to-one correspondence.
We rewrite the given equation as or By the stars and bars argument, there are ordered quadruples
~pieater314159 ~MRENTHUSIASM
Solution 2 (Casework)
Suppose that This problem is equivalent to counting the ordered quadruples where all of and are integers from through such that which rearranges to Note that is an integer from through and is an integer from through Therefore, both of and are integers from through We construct the following table: We sum up the counts in the last column to get the answer
~BJHHar ~MRENTHUSIASM
Solution 3 (Answer Choices)
Suppose our polynomial is equal to Then we are given that Then the polynomials , also have when So the number of solutions must be divisible by 4. So the answer must be
See Also
2018 AMC 12B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | |
Preceded by Problem 21 |
Followed by Problem 23 |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25 | |
All AMC 12 Problems and Solutions |
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