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Difference between revisions of "2007 Alabama ARML TST Problems"

(New page: ==Problem 1== Compute: <math>\sqrt{2000\cdot 2007\cdot 2008\cdot 2015+784}.</math> Solution ==Problem 2== The points <math>A, B, C ,</math> ...)
 
m (→‎Problem 11)
 
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Find the number of distinct integers in the list
 
Find the number of distinct integers in the list
  
−
<cmath>\lfloor \dfrac{1^2}{2007}\rfloor , \lfloor \dfrac{2^2}{2007}\rfloor , \lfloor \dfrac{3^2}{2007}\rfloor , \lfloor \dfrac{4^2}{2007}\rfloor , \cdots , \lfloor \dfrac{2007^2}{2007}\rfloor ,</cmath>
+
<cmath>\left\lfloor \dfrac{1^2}{2007}\right\rfloor , \left\lfloor \dfrac{2^2}{2007}\right\rfloor , \left\lfloor \dfrac{3^2}{2007}\right\rfloor , \left\lfloor \dfrac{4^2}{2007}\right\rfloor , \cdots , \left\lfloor \dfrac{2007^2}{2007}\right\rfloor ,</cmath>
  
 
where <math>\lfloor x \rfloor</math> represents the greatest integer less than or equal to <math>x</math>.
 
where <math>\lfloor x \rfloor</math> represents the greatest integer less than or equal to <math>x</math>.
  
 
[[2007 Alabama ARML TST Problems/Problem 7 | Solution]]
 
[[2007 Alabama ARML TST Problems/Problem 7 | Solution]]
 +
 
==Problem 8==
 
==Problem 8==
 
Krugman is a little odd. Really odd actually. He has a collection of Massachusetts state quarters and New Hampshire state quarters. All 29 of his Massachusetts quarters are kept face up, while all 11 of his New Hampshire quarters are kept face down on display in his office. Eric, being the prankster that he is, sneaks into Krugman’s office and randomly turns over 20 of Krugman’s quarters. Find the expected number of Krugman’s quarters that are heads up when Eric is finished.  
 
Krugman is a little odd. Really odd actually. He has a collection of Massachusetts state quarters and New Hampshire state quarters. All 29 of his Massachusetts quarters are kept face up, while all 11 of his New Hampshire quarters are kept face down on display in his office. Eric, being the prankster that he is, sneaks into Krugman’s office and randomly turns over 20 of Krugman’s quarters. Find the expected number of Krugman’s quarters that are heads up when Eric is finished.  
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<cmath>F_{2007} x + F_{2008} y = F_4,</cmath>
 
<cmath>F_{2007} x + F_{2008} y = F_4,</cmath>
 +
 
<cmath>F_{2008}x+F_{2009}y=-F_3.</cmath>
 
<cmath>F_{2008}x+F_{2009}y=-F_3.</cmath>
  
 
[[2007 Alabama ARML TST Problems/Problem 9 | Solution]]
 
[[2007 Alabama ARML TST Problems/Problem 9 | Solution]]
 +
 
==Problem 10==
 
==Problem 10==
 
Andrew and Patri each have a deck of cards. Andrew draws two cards from his deck, both of which turn out to be queens. Patri draws two cards from his deck, one of which is an ace, and the other of which is a king. Andrew and Patri then put the remainder of their decks (50  
 
Andrew and Patri each have a deck of cards. Andrew draws two cards from his deck, both of which turn out to be queens. Patri draws two cards from his deck, one of which is an ace, and the other of which is a king. Andrew and Patri then put the remainder of their decks (50  
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[[2007 Alabama ARML TST Problems/Problem 10 | Solution]]
 
[[2007 Alabama ARML TST Problems/Problem 10 | Solution]]
 
==Problem 11==
 
==Problem 11==
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In how many distinct ways can a rectangular <math>3\cdot 17</math> grid be tiled with 17 non-overlapping <math>1\cdot 3</math> rectangular tiles?  
+
In how many distinct ways can a rectangular <math>3\times 17</math> grid be tiled with <math>17</math> non-overlapping <math>1\times 3</math> rectangular tiles?  
  
 
[[2007 Alabama ARML TST Problems/Problem 11 | Solution]]
 
[[2007 Alabama ARML TST Problems/Problem 11 | Solution]]
 +
 
==Problem 12==
 
==Problem 12==
 
If <math>w^{2007}=1</math> and <math>w\neq 1</math>, then evaluate
 
If <math>w^{2007}=1</math> and <math>w\neq 1</math>, then evaluate
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Before he gets out of bed every morning, Calvin the Compulsive plays a game with a fair coin. He flips it until ''either'' he flips four consecutive heads ''or'' he flips six consecutive tails, then he immediately gets out of bed and brushes his teeth. If his last flip is a head, he eats two melons for breakfast. Otherwise, he eats just one. Find the probability that Calvin ate two melons for breakfast this morning.  
 
Before he gets out of bed every morning, Calvin the Compulsive plays a game with a fair coin. He flips it until ''either'' he flips four consecutive heads ''or'' he flips six consecutive tails, then he immediately gets out of bed and brushes his teeth. If his last flip is a head, he eats two melons for breakfast. Otherwise, he eats just one. Find the probability that Calvin ate two melons for breakfast this morning.  
  
 +
[[2007 Alabama ARML TST Problems/Problem 13 | Solution]]
  
−
[[2007 Alabama ARML TST Problems/Problem 13 | Solution]]
 
 
==Problem 14==
 
==Problem 14==
 
Find the sum of the ''real'' roots of
 
Find the sum of the ''real'' roots of

Latest revision as of 10:33, 28 January 2009

Problem 1

Compute: $\sqrt{2000\cdot 2007\cdot 2008\cdot 2015+784}.$

Solution

Problem 2

The points $A, B, C ,$ and $D$ lie in that order on a line. Point $E$ lies in a plane with $A, B, C ,$ and $D$ such that $\angle BEC = 78^{\circ}$ . Given that $\angle EBC > \angle ECB$, $\angle ABE = 4x + y$, and $\angle ECB = x + y$, compute the number of positive integer values that $y$ can take on.

Solution

Problem 3

Back in 1802, the town idiot of Boratsville, Thungar the Stenchified, bought some apples from a vendor at the market. He paid 12 cents for the apples, but when he saw how small the apples were, he demanded two extra apples for free, and the vendor agreed. Ultimately, the price Thungar paid was one penny less per dozen apples than he would have paid had he not received the extra apples. How many apples did Thungar purchase (including the two extra)?

Solution

Problem 4

Find the smallest positive integer $N$ such that the product $19999N$ ends in the four digits 2007.

Solution

Problem 5

How many positive 5-digit odd integers are palindromes?

Solution

Problem 6

If $r$ is a root of $x^2+x+6$, then compute the value of

\[r^3+2r^2+7r+17.\]

Solution

Problem 7

Find the number of distinct integers in the list

\[\left\lfloor \dfrac{1^2}{2007}\right\rfloor , \left\lfloor \dfrac{2^2}{2007}\right\rfloor , \left\lfloor \dfrac{3^2}{2007}\right\rfloor , \left\lfloor \dfrac{4^2}{2007}\right\rfloor , \cdots , \left\lfloor \dfrac{2007^2}{2007}\right\rfloor ,\]

where $\lfloor x \rfloor$ represents the greatest integer less than or equal to $x$.

Solution

Problem 8

Krugman is a little odd. Really odd actually. He has a collection of Massachusetts state quarters and New Hampshire state quarters. All 29 of his Massachusetts quarters are kept face up, while all 11 of his New Hampshire quarters are kept face down on display in his office. Eric, being the prankster that he is, sneaks into Krugman’s office and randomly turns over 20 of Krugman’s quarters. Find the expected number of Krugman’s quarters that are heads up when Eric is finished.

Solution

Problem 9

Let $F_1=F_2=1$, and $F_{n+2}=F_{n+1}+F_n$ for $n\geq 1$. Find the value of $k$ such that $x=F_k$ is the $x$-coordinate of the intersection between the linear equations

\[F_{2007} x + F_{2008} y = F_4,\]

\[F_{2008}x+F_{2009}y=-F_3.\]

Solution

Problem 10

Andrew and Patri each have a deck of cards. Andrew draws two cards from his deck, both of which turn out to be queens. Patri draws two cards from his deck, one of which is an ace, and the other of which is a king. Andrew and Patri then put the remainder of their decks (50 cards left in each deck) down on a table and race to the nearest river. Meanwhile, Chelsea comes along and picks up one of the decks at random. She randomly pulls two more cards out of that deck. It turns out Chelsea’s cards make a pair (both of the same rank, i.e., both are 2’s, both are 3’s, etc.). Find the probability that she drew those two cards from Andrew’s deck.

Solution

Problem 11

In how many distinct ways can a rectangular $3\times 17$ grid be tiled with $17$ non-overlapping $1\times 3$ rectangular tiles?

Solution

Problem 12

If $w^{2007}=1$ and $w\neq 1$, then evaluate

\[\dfrac{1}{1+w}+\dfrac{1}{1+w^2}+\dfrac{1}{1+w^3}+\cdots +\dfrac{1}{1+w^{2007}}.\]

Express your answer as a fraction in lowest terms.

Solution

Problem 13

Before he gets out of bed every morning, Calvin the Compulsive plays a game with a fair coin. He flips it until either he flips four consecutive heads or he flips six consecutive tails, then he immediately gets out of bed and brushes his teeth. If his last flip is a head, he eats two melons for breakfast. Otherwise, he eats just one. Find the probability that Calvin ate two melons for breakfast this morning.

Solution

Problem 14

Find the sum of the real roots of

\[x^6+145x^4-2007x^3+145x^2+1=0.\]

Solution

Problem 15

Let $P$ be a point inside isosceles right triangle $ABC$ such that $\angle C = 90^{\circ}$ , $AP = 5$, $BP = 13$, and $CP = 6\sqrt{2}$. Find the area of $ABC$.

Solution

See also

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