Difference between revisions of "1997 PMWC Problems/Problem I12"
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== Problem == | == Problem == | ||
| − | In a die, 1 and 6, 2 and 5, 3 and 4 appear on opposite faces. When 2 dice are thrown, product of numbers appearing on the top and bottom faces of the 2 dice are formed as follows: | + | In a die, <math>1</math> and <math>6</math>, <math>2</math> and <math>5</math>, <math>3</math> and <math>4</math> appear on opposite faces. When <math>2</math> dice are thrown, product of numbers appearing on the top and bottom faces of the <math>2</math> dice are formed as follows: |
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| + | *number on top face of 1st die times number on top face of 2nd die | ||
| + | *number on top face of 1st die times number on bottom face of 2nd die | ||
| + | *number on bottom face of 1st die times number on top face of 2nd die | ||
| + | *number on bottom face of 1st die times number on bottom face of 2nd die | ||
| − | == Solution == | + | What is the sum of these <math>4</math> products ? |
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| + | == Solution 1== | ||
Let <math>x,y</math> be the two numbers at the top of the two dice. Then | Let <math>x,y</math> be the two numbers at the top of the two dice. Then | ||
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== Solution 2 == | == Solution 2 == | ||
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Let <math>a</math>, <math>b</math>, <math>c</math>, and <math>d</math> be the numbers on the top of dies one and two and the numbers on the bottom of dies one and two respectively. | Let <math>a</math>, <math>b</math>, <math>c</math>, and <math>d</math> be the numbers on the top of dies one and two and the numbers on the bottom of dies one and two respectively. | ||
| − | Therefore, you are trying to find the sum of < | + | Therefore, you are trying to find the sum of <math>ab+ad+cb+cd</math>. This factored is <math>(a+c)(b+d)</math>. Since the sum of opposite faces is <math>7</math>, the answer is <math>7*7</math> or <math>49</math>. |
| − | == See | + | == See Also == |
{{PMWC box|year=1997|num-b=I11|num-a=I13}} | {{PMWC box|year=1997|num-b=I11|num-a=I13}} | ||
[[Category:Introductory Combinatorics Problems]] | [[Category:Introductory Combinatorics Problems]] | ||
Latest revision as of 13:35, 20 April 2014
Contents
Problem
In a die, 
and 
, 
and 
, 
and 
appear on opposite faces. When dice are thrown, product of numbers appearing on the top and bottom faces of the dice are formed as follows:
- number on top face of 1st die times number on top face of 2nd die
- number on top face of 1st die times number on bottom face of 2nd die
- number on bottom face of 1st die times number on top face of 2nd die
- number on bottom face of 1st die times number on bottom face of 2nd die
What is the sum of these products ?
Solution 1
Let 
be the two numbers at the top of the two dice. Then
![\[xy + x(7-y) + (7-x)y + (7-x)(7-y) = (x + (7-x))(y + (7 - y)) = 49\]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/e/6/3/e639f82969a61db66cf6cf03415f41313875ab5c.png)
Solution 2
Let 
, 
, 
, and 
be the numbers on the top of dies one and two and the numbers on the bottom of dies one and two respectively.
Therefore, you are trying to find the sum of 
. This factored is 
. Since the sum of opposite faces is 
, the answer is 
or 
.
See Also
| 1997 PMWC (Problems) | ||
| Preceded by Problem I11 |
Followed by Problem I13 | |
| I: 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 T: 1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 | ||
