Difference between revisions of "2005 AMC 12A Problems/Problem 16"
| Line 33: | Line 33: | ||
<div style="text-align:center;"><math>(r-3)^2 + (r-1)^2 = (r+1)^2</math><br /><math>r^2 - 10r + 9 = 0</math><br /><math>r = 1, 9</math></div> | <div style="text-align:center;"><math>(r-3)^2 + (r-1)^2 = (r+1)^2</math><br /><math>r^2 - 10r + 9 = 0</math><br /><math>r = 1, 9</math></div> | ||
| − | Quite obviously <math>r > 1</math>, so <math>r = 9 \boxed | + | Quite obviously <math>r > 1</math>, so <math>r = 9 \boxed(D)</math>. |
===Solution 2=== | ===Solution 2=== | ||
Revision as of 12:28, 19 September 2020
Contents
Problem
Three circles of radius 
are drawn in the first quadrant of the 
-plane. The first circle is tangent to both axes, the second is tangent to the first circle and the 
-axis, and the third is tangent to the first circle and the 
-axis. A circle of radius 
is tangent to both axes and to the second and third circles. What is 
?
![[asy] unitsize(3mm); defaultpen(linewidth(.8pt)+fontsize(10pt)); dotfactor=3; pair O0=(9,9), O1=(1,1), O2=(3,1), O3=(1,3); pair P0=O0+9*dir(-45), P3=O3+dir(70); pair[] ps={O0,O1,O2,O3}; dot(ps); draw(Circle(O0,9)); draw(Circle(O1,1)); draw(Circle(O2,1)); draw(Circle(O3,1)); draw(O0--P0,linetype("3 3")); draw(O3--P3,linetype("2 2")); draw((0,0)--(18,0)); draw((0,0)--(0,18)); label("$r$",midpoint(O0--P0),NE); label("$s$",(-1.5,4)); draw((-1,4)--midpoint(O3--P3));[/asy]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/6/5/7/657afd2eef0760abe2ccc3fe7453a83a0b22e681.png)
Solution
Solution 1
Draw the segment between the center of the third circle and the large circle; this has length 
. We then draw the radius of the large circle that is perpendicular to the x-axis, and draw the perpendicular from this radius to the center of the third circle. This gives us a right triangle with legs 
and hypotenuse . The Pythagorean Theorem yields:
Quite obviously , so 
.
Solution 2
Don't do this unless really really desperate. But I actually solved this with a ruler (try and see!!). Let 
and find in terms of 
. The rest is easy.
Solution by franzliszt
