Difference between revisions of "2015 AMC 10B Problems/Problem 22"
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==Solution 2== | ==Solution 2== | ||
− | < | + | Notice that <math>JH=BH=BG=AG=1</math>. Since a <math>36-72-72</math> triangle has the congruent sides equal to <math>\frac{\sqrt{5}+1}{2}</math> times the short base side, we have <math>FG=\frac{2}{\sqrt{5}+1}=\frac{\sqrt{5}-1}{2}</math>. Now notice that <math>CD=AB=AH</math>, and that <math>\bigtriangleup AJH</math> is <math>36-72-72</math>. So, <math>CD=\frac{\sqrt{5}+1}{2}</math> and adding gives <math>\boxed{1+\sqrt{5}}</math>, or <math>\boxed{\textbf{(D)}}</math>. |
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==Solution 3== | ==Solution 3== |
Revision as of 11:34, 26 July 2021
Contents
[hide]Problem
In the figure shown below, is a regular pentagon and . What is ?
Solution 1 (no trig, just memorize golden ratio)
Notice that . Since a triangle has the congruent sides equal to times the short base side, we have . Now notice that , and that is . So, and adding gives , or . solution 1:
Triangle is isosceles, so . since is also isosceles. Using the symmetry of pentagon , notice that . Therefore, .
Since ,
So, since must be greater than 0.
Notice that .
Therefore,
Solution 2
Notice that . Since a triangle has the congruent sides equal to times the short base side, we have . Now notice that , and that is . So, and adding gives , or .
Solution 3
When you first see this problem you can't help but see similar triangles. But this shape is filled with triangles throwing us off. First, let us write our answer in terms of one side length. I chose to write it in terms of so we can apply similar triangles easily. To simplify the process lets write as .
First what is in terms of , also remember :
Next, find in terms of , also remember :
So adding all the we get . Now we have to find out what x is. For this, we break out a bit of trig. Let's look at . By the law of sines:
Now by the double angle identities in trig. substituting in
A good thing to memorize for AMC and AIME is the exact values for all the nice sines and cosines. You would then know that:
so now we know:
Substituting back into we get
Solution 4
Notice that and , so we have . Thus Solving the equation gets .
Since Solving the equation gets .
Since Solving the equation gets
Finally adding them up gets
Note: this solution might be a bit complicated but it definitely works when none of the cleverer symmetries in Solution 1 is noticed.
~ Nafer
Video Solution
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TpHZVbBGmVQ (Beauty of Math)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HfoQjjO2OFk
See Also
2015 AMC 10B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
Preceded by Problem 21 |
Followed by Problem 23 | |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25 | ||
All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions |
The problems on this page are copyrighted by the Mathematical Association of America's American Mathematics Competitions.