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Pi

Pi is an irrational number (in fact, transcendental number, as proved by Lindeman in 1882) denoted by the greek letter $\pi$.

Pi is the ratio of the circumference (perimeter) of a given circle to its diameter. It is approximately equal to 3.141592653. The number pi is one of the most important constants in all of mathematics and appears in some of the most surprising places, such as in the sum $\sum_{n=1}^\infty \frac{1}{n^2}=\frac{\pi^2}{6}$. Some common... [more]