2015 AMC 10B Problems/Problem 22
Contents
Problem
In the figure shown below, is a regular pentagon and . What is ?
Solution 1
Triangle is isosceles, so . since is also isosceles. Using the symmetry of pentagon , notice that . Therefore, .
Since , .
So, since must be greater than 0.
Notice that .
Therefore,
Solution 2 (Trigonometry)
Note that since is a regular pentagon, all of its interior angles are . We can say that pentagon is also regular by symmetry. So, all of the interior angles of are . Now, we can angle chase and use trigonometry to get that , , and . Adding these together, we get that . Because calculators were not permitted in the 2015 AMC 10B, we can not use a calculator to find out which of the options is equal to , but we can find that this is closest to .
Solution 3
When you first see this problem you can't help but see similar triangles. But this shape is filled with triangles throwing us off. First, let us write our answer in terms of one side length. I chose to write it in terms of so we can apply similar triangles easily. To simplify the process lets write as .
First what is in terms of , also remember : =
Next, find in terms of , also remember : =
So adding all the we get . Now we have to find out what x is. For this, we break out a bit of trig. Let's look at By the law of sines:
Now by the double angle identities in trig. substituting in
A good thing to memorize for AMC and AIME is the exact values for all the nice sines and cosines. You would then know that: =
so now we know:
Substituting back into we get
Solution 4 (Answer choices)
Notice that is trisected, meaning that . Since , and the other lines we are supposed to solve for do not look like they can contribute to the whole number value, it is likely that is our answer.
Note: Only do this if low on time since there could potentially be a weird figure affecting the .
Solution 5
Because basically everything in pentagon stuff is in ratio of big Phi or small Phi, we use logic to find that the answer is big Phi small Phi = =
-Lcz
Solution 6
Notice that and , so we have . Thus Solving the equation gets .
Since
See Also
2015 AMC 10B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
Preceded by Problem 21 |
Followed by Problem 23 | |
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All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions |
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