Art of Problem Solving
AoPS Online
Math texts, online classes, and more
for students in grades 5-12.
Visit AoPS Online ‚
Books for Grades 5-12 Online Courses
Beast Academy
Engaging math books and online learning
for students ages 6-13.
Visit Beast Academy ‚
Books for Ages 6-13 Beast Academy Online
AoPS Academy
Small live classes for advanced math
and language arts learners in grades 2-12.
Visit AoPS Academy ‚
Find a Physical Campus Visit the Virtual Campus

2008 AIME I Problems/Problem 10

Revision as of 17:37, 1 March 2009 by Darksigma (talk | contribs) (→‎Solution 1)

Problem

Let $ABCD$ be an isosceles trapezoid with $\overline{AD}||\overline{BC}$ whose angle at the longer base $\overline{AD}$ is $\dfrac{\pi}{3}$. The diagonals have length $10\sqrt {21}$, and point $E$ is at distances $10\sqrt {7}$ and $30\sqrt {7}$ from vertices $A$ and $D$, respectively. Let $F$ be the foot of the altitude from $C$ to $\overline{AD}$. The distance $EF$ can be expressed in the form $m\sqrt {n}$, where $m$ and $n$ are positive integers and $n$ is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find $m + n$.

Solution

Solution 1

[asy] size(300); defaultpen(1); pair A=(0,0), D=(4,0), B= A+2 expi(1/3*pi), C= D+2expi(2/3*pi), E=(-4/3,0), F=(3,0); draw(F--C--B--A); draw(E--A--D--C); draw(A--C,dashed); draw(circle(A,abs(C-A)),dotted); label("\(A\)",A,S); label("\(B\)",B,NW); label("\(C\)",C,NE); label("\(D\)",D,SE); label("\(E\)",E,N); label("\(F\)",F,S); clip(currentpicture,(-1.5,-1)--(5,-1)--(5,3)--(-1.5,3)--cycle); [/asy]

Applying the triangle inequality to $ADE$, we see that $AD > 20\sqrt {7}$. However, if $AD$ is strictly greater than $20\sqrt {7}$, then the circle with radius $10\sqrt {21}$ and center $A$ does not touch $DC$, which implies that $AC > 10\sqrt {21}$, a contradiction. Therefore, $AD = 20\sqrt {7}$.

It follows that $A$, $D$, and $E$ are collinear, and also that $ADC$ and $ACF$ are $30-60-90$ triangles. Hence $AF = 15\sqrt {7}$, and

$EF = EA + AF = 10\sqrt {7} + 15\sqrt {7} = 25\sqrt {7}$

Finally, the answer is $25+7=\boxed{032}$.

Solution 2

No restrictions are set on the lengths of the bases, so for calculational simplicity let $\angle CAF = 30^{\circ}$. Since $CAF$ is a $30-60-90$ triangle, $AF=\frac{CF\sqrt{3}}2=15\sqrt{7}$.

$EF=EA+AF=10\sqrt{7}+15\sqrt{7}=25\sqrt{7}$

The answer is $25+7=\boxed{032}$. Note that while this is not rigorous, the above solution shows that $\angle CAF = 30^{\circ}$ is indeed the only possibility.

See also

2008 AIME I (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 9 		Followed by
Problem 11
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15
All AIME Problems and Solutions
Retrieved from "https://artofproblemsolving.com/wiki/index.php?title=2008_AIME_I_Problems/Problem_10&oldid=30565"