Difference between revisions of "1985 AHSME Problems/Problem 12"

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==Problem==
 
==Problem==
Let's write <math> p, q, </math> and <math> r </math> as three distinct [[prime number]]s, where <math> 1 </math> is not a prime. Which of the following is the smallest positive [[perfect cube]] leaving <math> n=pq^2r^4 </math> as a [[divisor]]?
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Let <math> p, q </math> and <math> r </math> be distinct [[prime number]]s, where <math> 1 </math> is not considered a prime. Which of the following is the smallest positive [[perfect cube]] having <math> n=pq^2r^4 </math> as a [[divisor]]?
  
 
<math> \mathrm{(A)\ } p^8q^8r^8 \qquad \mathrm{(B) \ }(pq^2r^2)^3 \qquad \mathrm{(C) \  } (p^2q^2r^2)^3 \qquad \mathrm{(D) \  } (pqr^2)^3 \qquad \mathrm{(E) \  }4p^3q^3r^3 </math>
 
<math> \mathrm{(A)\ } p^8q^8r^8 \qquad \mathrm{(B) \ }(pq^2r^2)^3 \qquad \mathrm{(C) \  } (p^2q^2r^2)^3 \qquad \mathrm{(D) \  } (pqr^2)^3 \qquad \mathrm{(E) \  }4p^3q^3r^3 </math>

Revision as of 00:54, 3 April 2018

Problem

Let $p, q$ and $r$ be distinct prime numbers, where $1$ is not considered a prime. Which of the following is the smallest positive perfect cube having $n=pq^2r^4$ as a divisor?

$\mathrm{(A)\ } p^8q^8r^8 \qquad \mathrm{(B) \ }(pq^2r^2)^3 \qquad \mathrm{(C) \  } (p^2q^2r^2)^3 \qquad \mathrm{(D) \  } (pqr^2)^3 \qquad \mathrm{(E) \  }4p^3q^3r^3$

Solution

For a number of the form $p^aq^br^c$ to be a perfect cube and a multiple of $pq^2r^4$, $a, b,$ and $c$ must all be multiples of $3$, $a\ge1$, $b\ge2$, and $c\ge4$. The smallest multiple of $3$ greater than $1$ is $3$, the smallest multiple of $3$ greater than $2$ is $3$, and the smallest multiple of $3$ greater than $4$ is $6$. Therefore, the smallest such $p^aq^br^c$ is $p^3q^3r^6=(pqr^2)^3, \boxed{\text{D}}$.

See Also

1985 AHSME (ProblemsAnswer KeyResources)
Preceded by
Problem 12
Followed by
Problem 13
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