Difference between revisions of "2016 AMC 10A Problems/Problem 19"
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− | We can set coordinates for the points. <math>D=(0,0), C=(6,0), B=(6,3),</math> and <math>A=(0,3)</math>. The line <math>BD</math>'s equation is <math>y = \frac{1}{2}x</math>, line <math>AE</math>'s equation is <math>y = -\frac{1}{6}x + 3</math>, and line <math>AF</math>'s equation is <math>y = -\frac{1}{3}x + 3</math>. Adding the equations of lines <math>BD</math> and <math>AE</math>, we find that the coordinates of <math>P</math> are <math>(\frac{9}{2},\frac{9}{4})</math>. Furthermore we find that the coordinates of <math>Q</math> are <math>(\frac{18}{5}, \frac{9}{5})</math>. Using the [[Pythagorean Theorem]], we get that the length of <math>QD</math> is <math>\sqrt{(\frac{18}{5})^2+(\frac{9}{5})^2} = \sqrt{\frac{405}{25}} = \frac{\sqrt{405}}{5} = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{5}</math>, and the length of <math>DP</math> is <math>\sqrt{(\frac{9}{2})^2+(\frac{9}{4})^2} = \sqrt{\frac{81}{4} + \frac{81}{16}} = \sqrt{\frac{405}{16}} = \frac{\sqrt{405}}{4} = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{4}.</math> <math>PQ = DP - DQ = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{ | + | We can set coordinates for the points. <math>D=(0,0), C=(6,0), B=(6,3),</math> and <math>A=(0,3)</math>. The line <math>BD</math>'s equation is <math>y = \frac{1}{2}x</math>, line <math>AE</math>'s equation is <math>y = -\frac{1}{6}x + 3</math>, and line <math>AF</math>'s equation is <math>y = -\frac{1}{3}x + 3</math>. Adding the equations of lines <math>BD</math> and <math>AE</math>, we find that the coordinates of <math>P</math> are <math>(\frac{9}{2},\frac{9}{4})</math>. Furthermore we find that the coordinates of <math>Q</math> are <math>(\frac{18}{5}, \frac{9}{5})</math>. Using the [[Pythagorean Theorem]], we get that the length of <math>QD</math> is <math>\sqrt{(\frac{18}{5})^2+(\frac{9}{5})^2} = \sqrt{\frac{405}{25}} = \frac{\sqrt{405}}{5} = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{5}</math>, and the length of <math>DP</math> is <math>\sqrt{(\frac{9}{2})^2+(\frac{9}{4})^2} = \sqrt{\frac{81}{4} + \frac{81}{16}} = \sqrt{\frac{405}{16}} = \frac{\sqrt{405}}{4} = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{4}.</math> <math>PQ = DP - DQ = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{4} - \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{5} = \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{20}.</math> The length of <math>DB = \sqrt{6^2 + 3^2} = \sqrt{45} = 3\sqrt{5}</math>. Then <math>BP= 3\sqrt{5} - \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{4} = \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{4}.</math> The ratio <math>BP : PQ : QD = \frac{3\sqrt{5}}{4} : \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{20} : \frac{9\sqrt{5}}{5} = 15\sqrt{5} : 9\sqrt{5} : 36\sqrt{5} = 15 : 9 : 36 = 5 : 3 : 12.</math> Then <math>r, s,</math> and <math>t</math> is <math>5, 3,</math> and <math>12</math>, respectively. The problem tells us to find <math>r + s + t</math>, so <math>5 + 3 + 12 = \boxed{\textbf{(E) }20}</math> |
An alternate solution is to perform the same operations, but only solve for the x-coordinates. By similar triangles, the ratios will be the same. | An alternate solution is to perform the same operations, but only solve for the x-coordinates. By similar triangles, the ratios will be the same. |
Revision as of 00:29, 11 January 2020
Contents
[hide]Problem
In rectangle and . Point between and , and point between and are such that . Segments and intersect at and , respectively. The ratio can be written as where the greatest common factor of and is What is ?
Solution 1
Use similar triangles. Our goal is to put the ratio in terms of . Since Similarly, . This means that . As and are similar, we see that . Thus . Therefore, so
Solution 2(Coordinate Bash)
We can set coordinates for the points. and . The line 's equation is , line 's equation is , and line 's equation is . Adding the equations of lines and , we find that the coordinates of are . Furthermore we find that the coordinates of are . Using the Pythagorean Theorem, we get that the length of is , and the length of is The length of . Then The ratio Then and is and , respectively. The problem tells us to find , so
An alternate solution is to perform the same operations, but only solve for the x-coordinates. By similar triangles, the ratios will be the same.
Solution 3
Extend to meet at point . Since and , by similar triangles and . It follows that . Now, using similar triangles and , . WLOG let . Solving for gives and . So our desired ratio is and .
Solution 4 (Mass Points)
Draw line segment , and call the intersection between and point . In , observe that and . Using mass points, find that . Again utilizing , observe that and . Use mass points to find that . Now, draw a line segment with points ,,, and ordered from left to right. Set the values ,, and . Setting both sides segment equal, we get . Plugging in and solving gives , ,. The question asks for , so we add to and multiply the ratio by to create integers. This creates . This sums up to
Solution 5 (Cheap Solution)
Use your ruler (it is recommended that you bring a ruler and protractor to AMC10 tests) and accurately draw the diagram as one in solution 1, then measure the length of the segments, you should get a ratio of being , multiplying each side by the result is
See Also:)
2016 AMC 10A (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
Preceded by Problem 18 |
Followed by Problem 20 | |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 • 16 • 17 • 18 • 19 • 20 • 21 • 22 • 23 • 24 • 25 | ||
All AMC 10 Problems and Solutions |
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