Difference between revisions of "2020 AIME II Problems/Problem 6"
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Let <math>t_n=\frac{s_n}{5}</math>. Then, we have <math>s_n=\frac{s_{n-1}+1}{s_{n-2}}</math> where <math>s_1 = 100</math> and <math>s_2 = 105</math>. By substitution, we find <math>s_3 = \frac{53}{50}</math>, <math>s_4=\frac{103}{105\cdot50}</math>, <math>s_5=\frac{101}{105}</math>, <math>s_6=100</math>, and <math>s_7=105</math>. So <math>s_n</math> has a period of <math>5</math>. Thus <math>s_{2020}=s_5=\frac{101}{105}</math>. So, <math>\frac{101}{105\cdot 5}\implies 101+525=\boxed{626}</math>. | Let <math>t_n=\frac{s_n}{5}</math>. Then, we have <math>s_n=\frac{s_{n-1}+1}{s_{n-2}}</math> where <math>s_1 = 100</math> and <math>s_2 = 105</math>. By substitution, we find <math>s_3 = \frac{53}{50}</math>, <math>s_4=\frac{103}{105\cdot50}</math>, <math>s_5=\frac{101}{105}</math>, <math>s_6=100</math>, and <math>s_7=105</math>. So <math>s_n</math> has a period of <math>5</math>. Thus <math>s_{2020}=s_5=\frac{101}{105}</math>. So, <math>\frac{101}{105\cdot 5}\implies 101+525=\boxed{626}</math>. | ||
~mn28407 | ~mn28407 | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==Solution 2 (Official MAA)== | ||
+ | More generally, let the first two terms be <math>a</math> and <math>b</math> and replace <math>5</math> and <math>25</math> in the recursive formula by <math>k</math> and <math>k^2</math>, respectively. Then some algebraic calculation shows that | ||
+ | <cmath>t_3 = \frac{b\,k+1}{a\, k^2},~~t_4 = \frac{a\, k + b\,k+1}{a\,b\, k^3},~~ | ||
+ | t_5 = \frac{a\,k+1}{b\, k^2},~~ t_6 = a, \text{~ and ~}t_7 =b,</cmath>so the sequence is periodic with period <math>5</math>. Therefore | ||
+ | <cmath>t_{2020} = t_{5} = \frac{20\cdot 5 +1}{21\cdot 25} = \frac{101}{525}.</cmath>The requested sum is <math>101+525=626</math>. | ||
==Video Solution== | ==Video Solution== |
Revision as of 12:24, 8 June 2020
Contents
[hide]Problem
Define a sequence recursively by , , andfor all . Then can be written as , where and are relatively prime positive integers. Find .
Solution
Let . Then, we have where and . By substitution, we find , , , , and . So has a period of . Thus . So, . ~mn28407
Solution 2 (Official MAA)
More generally, let the first two terms be and and replace and in the recursive formula by and , respectively. Then some algebraic calculation shows that so the sequence is periodic with period . Therefore The requested sum is .
Video Solution
https://youtu.be/_JTWJxbDC1A ~ CNCM
Video Solution 2
~IceMatrix
See Also
2020 AIME II (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
Preceded by Problem 5 |
Followed by Problem 7 | |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 | ||
All AIME Problems and Solutions |
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