Difference between revisions of "2006 AIME II Problems/Problem 7"
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Find the number of [[ordered pair]]s of [[positive]] [[integer]]s <math> (a,b) </math> such that <math> a+b=1000 </math> and neither <math> a </math> nor <math> b </math> has a zero digit. | Find the number of [[ordered pair]]s of [[positive]] [[integer]]s <math> (a,b) </math> such that <math> a+b=1000 </math> and neither <math> a </math> nor <math> b </math> has a zero digit. | ||
+ | __TOC__ | ||
== Solution == | == Solution == | ||
+ | === Solution 1 === | ||
There are <math>\left\lfloor\frac{999}{10}\right\rfloor = 99</math> numbers up to 1000 that have 0 as their units digit. All of the other excluded possibilities are when <math>a</math> or <math>b</math> have a 0 in the tens digit, and since the equation is [[symmetry|symmetric]], we will just count when <math>a</math> has a 0 in the tens digit and multiply by 2 (notice that the only time both <math>a</math> and <math>b</math> can have a 0 in the tens digit is when they are divisible by 100, which falls into the above category, so we do not have to worry about [[Principle of Inclusion-Exclusion|overcounting]]). | There are <math>\left\lfloor\frac{999}{10}\right\rfloor = 99</math> numbers up to 1000 that have 0 as their units digit. All of the other excluded possibilities are when <math>a</math> or <math>b</math> have a 0 in the tens digit, and since the equation is [[symmetry|symmetric]], we will just count when <math>a</math> has a 0 in the tens digit and multiply by 2 (notice that the only time both <math>a</math> and <math>b</math> can have a 0 in the tens digit is when they are divisible by 100, which falls into the above category, so we do not have to worry about [[Principle of Inclusion-Exclusion|overcounting]]). | ||
− | Excluding the numbers divisible by 100, which were counted already, there are <math>9</math> numbers in every hundred numbers that have a tens digit of 0 (this is true from 100 to 900), totaling <math>9 \cdot 9 = 81</math> such numbers; considering <math>b</math> also and we have <math>81 \cdot 2 = 162</math>. Therefore, there are <math>999 - (99 + 162) = 738</math> such ordered pairs. | + | Excluding the numbers divisible by 100, which were counted already, there are <math>9</math> numbers in every hundred numbers that have a tens digit of 0 (this is true from 100 to 900), totaling <math>9 \cdot 9 = 81</math> such numbers; considering <math>b</math> also and we have <math>81 \cdot 2 = 162</math>. Therefore, there are <math>999 - (99 + 162) = \boxed{738}</math> such ordered pairs. |
− | == | + | === Solution 2 === |
− | + | Let <math>a = \overline{cde}</math> and <math>b = \overline{fgh}</math> be 3 digit numbers: | |
− | + | cde | |
+ | +fgh | ||
+ | ---- | ||
+ | 1000 | ||
− | There are two other scenarios. | + | <math>e</math> and <math>h</math> must add up to <math>10</math>, <math>d</math> and <math>g</math> must add up to <math>9</math>, and <math>c</math> and <math>f</math> must add up to <math>9</math>. Since none of the digits can be 0, there are <math>9 \times 8 \times 8=576</math> possibilites if both numbers are three digits. |
+ | |||
+ | There are two other scenarios. <math>a</math> and <math>b</math> can be a three digit number and a two digit number, or a three digit number and a one digit number. For the first scenario, there are <math>9 \times 8 \times 2=144</math> possibilities (the two accounting for whether <math>a</math> or <math>b</math> has three digits) and for the second case there are <math>9 \times 2=18</math> possibilities. Thus, thus total possibilities for <math>(a,b)</math> is <math>576+144+18=738</math>. | ||
== See also == | == See also == |
Revision as of 12:02, 29 December 2007
Problem
Find the number of ordered pairs of positive integers such that and neither nor has a zero digit.
Contents
[hide]Solution
Solution 1
There are numbers up to 1000 that have 0 as their units digit. All of the other excluded possibilities are when or have a 0 in the tens digit, and since the equation is symmetric, we will just count when has a 0 in the tens digit and multiply by 2 (notice that the only time both and can have a 0 in the tens digit is when they are divisible by 100, which falls into the above category, so we do not have to worry about overcounting).
Excluding the numbers divisible by 100, which were counted already, there are numbers in every hundred numbers that have a tens digit of 0 (this is true from 100 to 900), totaling such numbers; considering also and we have . Therefore, there are such ordered pairs.
Solution 2
Let and be 3 digit numbers:
cde +fgh ---- 1000
and must add up to , and must add up to , and and must add up to . Since none of the digits can be 0, there are possibilites if both numbers are three digits.
There are two other scenarios. and can be a three digit number and a two digit number, or a three digit number and a one digit number. For the first scenario, there are possibilities (the two accounting for whether or has three digits) and for the second case there are possibilities. Thus, thus total possibilities for is .
See also
2006 AIME II (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
Preceded by Problem 6 |
Followed by Problem 8 | |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 | ||
All AIME Problems and Solutions |