Difference between revisions of "2010 AIME I Problems/Problem 14"
(→Solution 3) |
(→Solution 3) |
||
Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
== Solution 3 == | == Solution 3 == | ||
− | The sum will contain some 4's, 3's and 2's. Let <math>M</math> be the number of terms less than or equal to <math>3</math> and <math>N</math> be the number of terms equal to <math>2</math> (also counted in <math>M</math>). With this definition of <math>M</math> and <math>N</math> the total will be <math>400 - M - N = 300</math>, from which <math>M + N = 100</math>. Now <math>M+1</math> is the smallest integer <math>k</math> for which <math>\log(kn) >= 4</math> or <math>kn >= 10000</math>, thus <cmath>M = \left\lceil\frac{10000}{n}\right\rceil - 1</cmath>. Similarly, <cmath>N = \left\lceil\frac{1000}{n}\right\rceil - 1</cmath>. Unless <math>n</math> is a divisor of <math>10000</math>, we have < | + | The sum will contain some 4's, 3's and 2's. Let <math>M</math> be the number of terms less than or equal to <math>3</math> and <math>N</math> be the number of terms equal to <math>2</math> (also counted in <math>M</math>). With this definition of <math>M</math> and <math>N</math> the total will be <math>400 - M - N = 300</math>, from which <math>M + N = 100</math>. Now <math>M+1</math> is the smallest integer <math>k</math> for which <math>\log(kn) >= 4</math> or <math>kn >= 10000</math>, thus <cmath>M = \left\lceil\frac{10000}{n}\right\rceil - 1</cmath>. Similarly, <cmath>N = \left\lceil\frac{1000}{n}\right\rceil - 1</cmath>. Unless <math>n</math> is a divisor of <math>10000</math>, we have <cmath>M = \left\lfloor\frac{10000}{n}\right\rfloor</cmath> and <cmath>N = \left\lfloor\frac{1000}{n}\right\rfloor = \left\lfloor \frac{M}{10} \right\rfloor</cmath>. Under the same assumption <math>M + \left\lfloor \frac{M}{10} \right\rfloor = 100</math>, and so <math>M = 91</math>. Dividing <math>10000</math> by <math>91</math> we see that <math>n</math> is <math>109</math>. Since <math>n = 110</math> yields <math>M + N < 100</math>, and the sum is monotone in <math>n</math>, the largest value is <math>109</math>. |
== See also == | == See also == |
Revision as of 18:12, 21 March 2010
Contents
[hide]Problem
For each positive integer n, let . Find the largest value of n for which .
Note: is the greatest integer less than or equal to .
Solution 1
Observe that is strictly increasing in . We realize that we need terms to add up to around , so we need some sequence of s, s, and then s.
It follows that . Manually checking shows that and . Thus, our answer is .
Solution 2
Because we want the value for which , the average value of the 100 terms of the sequence should be around . For the value of to be , . We want kn to be around the middle of that range, and for k to be in the middle of 0 and 100, let , so , and . , so we want to lower . Testing yields , so our answer is still .
Solution 3
The sum will contain some 4's, 3's and 2's. Let be the number of terms less than or equal to and be the number of terms equal to (also counted in ). With this definition of and the total will be , from which . Now is the smallest integer for which or , thus . Similarly, . Unless is a divisor of , we have and . Under the same assumption , and so . Dividing by we see that is . Since yields , and the sum is monotone in , the largest value is .
See also
2010 AIME I (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
Preceded by Problem 13 |
Followed by Problem 15 | |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 | ||
All AIME Problems and Solutions |