Difference between revisions of "2010 AIME I Problems/Problem 14"
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== Solution 3 == | == Solution 3 == | ||
− | + | For any <math>n</math> where the sum is close to <math>300</math>, all the terms in the sum must be equal to <math>2</math>, <math>3</math> or <math>4</math>. Let <math>M</math> be the number of terms less than or equal to <math>3</math> and <math>N</math> be the number of terms equal to <math>2</math> (also counted in <math>M</math>). With this definition of <math>M</math> and <math>N</math> the total will be <math>400 - M - N = 300</math>, from which <math>M + N = 100</math>. Now <math>M+1</math> is the smallest integer <math>k</math> for which <math>\log(kn) >= 4</math> or <math>kn >= 10000</math>, thus <cmath>M = \left\lceil\frac{10000}{n}\right\rceil - 1.</cmath> Similarly, <cmath>N = \left\lceil\frac{1000}{n}\right\rceil - 1.</cmath> Unless <math>n</math> is a divisor of <math>10000</math>, we have <cmath>M = \left\lfloor\frac{10000}{n}\right\rfloor</cmath> and <cmath>N = \left\lfloor\frac{1000}{n}\right\rfloor = \left\lfloor \frac{M}{10} \right\rfloor.</cmath> Under the same assumption, <cmath>M + \left\lfloor \frac{M}{10} \right\rfloor = 100,</cmath> and so <math>M = 91</math>. Dividing <math>10000</math> by <math>91</math> we see that <math>n = 109</math>. Since <math>n = 110</math> is also not a divisor of <math>10000</math> and with <math>n = 110</math> we get <math>M + N < 100</math> (that is, a sum greater than <math>300</math>) and the sum is obviously monotone in <math>n</math>, the largest value is <math>\boxed{109}</math>. | |
== See also == | == See also == |
Revision as of 18:27, 21 March 2010
Contents
[hide]Problem
For each positive integer n, let . Find the largest value of n for which .
Note: is the greatest integer less than or equal to .
Solution 1
Observe that is strictly increasing in . We realize that we need terms to add up to around , so we need some sequence of s, s, and then s.
It follows that . Manually checking shows that and . Thus, our answer is .
Solution 2
Because we want the value for which , the average value of the 100 terms of the sequence should be around . For the value of to be , . We want kn to be around the middle of that range, and for k to be in the middle of 0 and 100, let , so , and . , so we want to lower . Testing yields , so our answer is still .
Solution 3
For any where the sum is close to , all the terms in the sum must be equal to , or . Let be the number of terms less than or equal to and be the number of terms equal to (also counted in ). With this definition of and the total will be , from which . Now is the smallest integer for which or , thus Similarly, Unless is a divisor of , we have and Under the same assumption, and so . Dividing by we see that . Since is also not a divisor of and with we get (that is, a sum greater than ) and the sum is obviously monotone in , the largest value is .
See also
2010 AIME I (Problems • Answer Key • Resources) | ||
Preceded by Problem 13 |
Followed by Problem 15 | |
1 • 2 • 3 • 4 • 5 • 6 • 7 • 8 • 9 • 10 • 11 • 12 • 13 • 14 • 15 | ||
All AIME Problems and Solutions |