Difference between revisions of "1982 AHSME Problems"

Revision as of 02:17, 10 September 2021

1982 AHSME (Answer Key) Printable versions: Wiki • AoPS Resources • PDF
Instructions This is a 30-question, multiple choice test. Each question is followed by answers marked A, B, C, D and E. Only one of these is correct. You will receive 5 points for each correct answer, 2 points for each problem left unanswered, and 0 points for each incorrect answer. No aids are permitted other than scratch paper, graph paper, ruler, compass, protractor and erasers. Figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. You will have 90 minutes working time to complete the test.
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Problem 1

When the polynomial $x^3-2$ is divided by the polynomial $x^2-2$ , the remainder is

$\textbf{(A)} \ 2 \qquad \textbf{(B)} \ -2 \qquad \textbf{(C)} \ -2x-2 \qquad \textbf{(D)} \ 2x+2 \qquad \textbf{(E)} \ 2x-2$

Solution

Problem 2

If a number eight times as large as $x$ is increased by two, then one fourth of the result equals

$\textbf{(A)} \ 2x + \frac{1}{2} \qquad \textbf{(B)} \ x + \frac{1}{2} \qquad \textbf{(C)} \ 2x+2 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 2x+4 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 2x+16$

Solution

Problem 3

Evaluate $(x^x)^{(x^x)}$ at $x = 2$ .

$\textbf{(A)} \ 16 \qquad \textbf{(B)} \ 64 \qquad \textbf{(C)} \ 256 \qquad \textbf{(D)} \ 1024 \qquad \textbf{(E)} \ 65,536$

Solution

Problem 4

The perimeter of a semicircular region, measured in centimeters, is numerically equal to its area, measured in square centimeters. The radius of the semicircle, measured in centimeters, is

$\textbf{(A)} \ \pi \qquad \textbf{(B)} \ \frac{2}{\pi} \qquad \textbf{(C)} \ 1 \qquad \textbf{(D)} \ \frac{1}{2}\qquad \textbf{(E)} \ \frac{4}{\pi}+2$

Solution

Problem 5

Two positive numbers $x$ and $y$ are in the ratio $a: b$ where $0 < a < b$ . If $x+y = c$ , then the smaller of $x$ and $y$ is

$\textbf{(A)} \ \frac{ac}{b} \qquad \textbf{(B)} \ \frac{bc-ac}{b} \qquad \textbf{(C)} \ \frac{ac}{a+b} \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \frac{bc}{a+b}\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \frac{ac}{b-a}$

Solution

Problem 6

The sum of all but one of the interior angles of a convex polygon equals $2570^\circ$ . The remaining angle is

$\textbf{(A)} \ 90^\circ \qquad \textbf{(B)} \ 105^\circ \qquad \textbf{(C)} \ 120^\circ \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 130^\circ\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 144^\circ$

Solution

Problem 7

If the operation $x \star y$ is defined by $x \star y = (x+1)(y+1) - 1$ , then which one of the following is FALSE?

$\textbf{(A)} \ x \star y = y\star x \text{ for all real } x,y. \\ \textbf{(B)} \ x \star (y + z) = ( x \star y ) + (x \star z) \text{ for all real } x,y, \text{ and } z.\\ \textbf{(C)} \ (x-1) \star (x+1) = (x \star x) - 1 \text{ for all real } x. \\ \textbf{(D)} \ x \star 0 = x \text{ for all real } x. \\ \textbf{(E)} \ x \star (y \star z) = (x \star y) \star z \text{ for all real } x,y, \text{ and } z.$

Solution

Problem 8

By definition, $r! = r(r - 1) \cdots 1$ and $\binom{j}{k} = \frac {j!}{k!(j - k)!}$ , where $r,j,k$ are positive integers and $k < j$ . If $\binom{n}{1}, \binom{n}{2}, \binom{n}{3}$ form an arithmetic progression with $n > 3$ , then $n$ equals

$\textbf{(A)}\ 5\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 7\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 9\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 11\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 12$

Solution

Problem 9

A vertical line divides the triangle with vertices $(0,0), (1,1)$ , and $(9,1)$ in the $xy\text{-plane}$ into two regions of equal area. The equation of the line is $x=$

$\textbf {(A)}\ 2.5 \qquad \textbf {(B)}\ 3.0 \qquad \textbf {(C)}\ 3.5 \qquad \textbf {(D)}\ 4.0\qquad \textbf {(E)}\ 4.5$

Solution

Problem 10

In the adjoining diagram, $BO$ bisects $\angle CBA$ , $CO$ bisects $\angle ACB$ , and $MN$ is parallel to $BC$ . If $AB=12, BC=24$ , and $AC=18$ , then the perimeter of $\triangle AMN$ is

$[asy] size(200); defaultpen(linewidth(0.7)+fontsize(10)); pair B=origin, C=(24,0), A=intersectionpoints(Circle(B,12), Circle(C,18))[0], O=incenter(A,B,C), M=intersectionpoint(A--B, O--O+40*dir(180)), N=intersectionpoint(A--C, O--O+40*dir(0)); draw(B--M--O--B--C--O--N--C^^N--A--M); label("$A$", A, dir(90)); label("$B$", B, dir(O--B)); label("$C$", C, dir(O--C)); label("$M$", M, dir(90)*dir(B--A)); label("$N$", N, dir(90)*dir(A--C)); label("$O$", O, dir(90));[/asy]$

$\textbf {(A)}\ 30 \qquad \textbf {(B)}\ 33 \qquad \textbf {(C)}\ 36 \qquad \textbf {(D)}\ 39 \qquad \textbf {(E)}\ 42$

Solution

Problem 11

How many integers with four different digits are there between $1,000$ and $9,999$ such that the absolute value of the difference between the first digit and the last digit is $2$ ?

$\textbf {(A)}\ 672 \qquad \textbf {(B)}\ 784 \qquad \textbf {(C)}\ 840 \qquad \textbf {(D)}\ 896 \qquad \textbf {(E)}\ 1008$

Solution

Problem 12

Let $f(x) = ax^7+bx^3+cx-5$ , where $a,b$ and $c$ are constants. If $f(-7) = 7$ , the $f(7)$ equals

$\textbf {(A)}\ -17 \qquad \textbf {(B)}\ -7 \qquad \textbf {(C)}\ 14 \qquad \textbf {(D)}\ 21\qquad \textbf {(E)}\ \text{not uniquely determined}$

Solution

Problem 13

If $a>1, b>1$ , and $p=\frac{\log_b(\log_ba)}{\log_ba}$ , then $a^p$ equals

$\textbf {(A)}\ 1 \qquad \textbf {(B)}\ b \qquad \textbf {(C)}\ \log_ab \qquad \textbf {(D)}\ \log_ba \qquad \textbf {(E)}\ a^{\log_ba}$

Solution

Problem 14

In the adjoining figure, points $B$ and $C$ lie on line segment $AD$ , and $AB, BC$ , and $CD$ are diameters of circle $O, N$ , and $P$ , respectively. Circles $O, N$ , and $P$ all have radius $15$ and the line $AG$ is tangent to circle $P$ at $G$ . If $AG$ intersects circle $N$ at points $E$ and $F$ , then chord $EF$ has length

$[asy] size(250); defaultpen(fontsize(10)); pair A=origin, O=(1,0), B=(2,0), N=(3,0), C=(4,0), P=(5,0), D=(6,0), G=tangent(A,P,1,2), E=intersectionpoints(A--G, Circle(N,1))[0], F=intersectionpoints(A--G, Circle(N,1))[1]; draw(Circle(O,1)^^Circle(N,1)^^Circle(P,1)^^G--A--D, linewidth(0.7)); dot(A^^B^^C^^D^^E^^F^^G^^O^^N^^P); label("$A$", A, W); label("$B$", B, SE); label("$C$", C, NE); label("$D$", D, dir(0)); label("$P$", P, S); label("$N$", N, S); label("$O$", O, S); label("$E$", E, dir(120)); label("$F$", F, NE); label("$G$", G, dir(100));[/asy]$

$\textbf {(A)}\ 20 \qquad \textbf {(B)}\ 15\sqrt{2} \qquad \textbf {(C)}\ 24 \qquad \textbf {(D)}\ 25 \qquad \textbf {(E)}\ \text{none of these}$

Solution

Problem 15

Let $[z]$ denote the greatest integer not exceeding $z$ . Let $x$ and $y$ satisfy the simultaneous equations

$\begin{align*} y&=2[x]+3 \\ y&=3[x-2]+5. \end{align*}$

If $x$ is not an integer, then $x+y$ is

$\textbf{(A) } \ \text{ an integer} \qquad \textbf{(B) } \ \text{ between 4 and 5} \qquad \textbf{(C) } \ \text{ between -4 and 4}\qquad\\ \textbf{(D) } \ \text{ between 15 and 16}\qquad \textbf{(E) } \ 16.5$

Solution

Problem 16

A wooden cube has edges of length $3$ meters. Square holes, of side one meter, centered in each face are cut through to the opposite face. The edges of the holes are parallel to the edges of the cube. The entire surface area including the inside, in square meters, is

$\textbf {(A)} \ 54 \qquad \textbf {(B)} \ 72 \qquad \textbf {(C)} \ 76 \qquad \textbf {(D)} \ 84\qquad \textbf {(E)} \ 86$

Solution

Problem 17

How many real numbers $x$ satisfy the equation $3^{2x+2}-3^{x+3}-3^{x}+3=0$ ?

$\textbf {(A)}\ 0 \qquad \textbf {(B)}\ 1 \qquad \textbf {(C)}\ 2 \qquad \textbf {(D)}\ 3 \qquad \textbf {(E)}\ 4$

Solution

Problem 18

In the adjoining figure of a rectangular solid, $\angle DHG=45^\circ$ and $\angle FHB=60^\circ$ . Find the cosine of $\angle BHD$ .

$[asy] import three;defaultpen(linewidth(0.7)+fontsize(10)); currentprojection=orthographic(1/3+1/10,1-1/10,1/3); real r=sqrt(3); triple A=(0,0,r), B=(0,r,r), C=(1,r,r), D=(1,0,r), E=O, F=(0,r,0), G=(1,0,0), H=(1,r,0); draw(D--G--H--D--A--B--C--D--B--F--H--B^^C--H); draw(A--E^^G--E^^F--E, linetype("4 4")); label("$A$", A, N); label("$B$", B, dir(0)); label("$C$", C, N); label("$D$", D, W); label("$E$", E, NW); label("$F$", F, S); label("$G$", G, W); label("$H$", H, S); triple H45=(1,r-0.15,0.1), H60=(1-0.05, r, 0.07); label("$45^\circ$", H45, dir(125), fontsize(8)); label("$60^\circ$", H60, dir(25), fontsize(8));[/asy]$

$\textbf{(A)}\ \frac{\sqrt{3}}{6} \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \frac{\sqrt{2}}{6} \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \frac{\sqrt{6}}{3} \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \frac{\sqrt{6}}{4}\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \frac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}{4}$

Solution

Problem 19

Let $f(x)=|x-2|+|x-4|-|2x-6|$ for $2 \leq x\leq 8$ . The sum of the largest and smallest values of $f(x)$ is

$\textbf {(A)}\ 1 \qquad \textbf {(B)}\ 2 \qquad \textbf {(C)}\ 4 \qquad \textbf {(D)}\ 6 \qquad \textbf {(E)}\ \text{none of these}$

Solution

Problem 20

The number of pairs of positive integers $(x,y)$ which satisfy the equation $x^2+y^2=x^3$ is

$\textbf {(A)}\ 0 \qquad \textbf {(B)}\ 1 \qquad \textbf {(C)}\ 2 \qquad \textbf {(D)}\ \text{not finite} \qquad \textbf {(E)}\ \text{none of these}$

Solution

Problem 21

In the adjoining figure, the triangle $ABC$ is a right triangle with $\angle BCA=90^\circ$ . Median $CM$ is perpendicular to median $BN$ , and side $BC=s$ . The length of $BN$ is

$[asy] size(200); defaultpen(linewidth(0.7)+fontsize(10));real r=54.72; pair B=origin, C=dir(r), A=intersectionpoint(B--(9,0), C--C+4*dir(r-90)), M=midpoint(B--A), N=midpoint(A--C), P=intersectionpoint(B--N, C--M); draw(M--C--A--B--C^^B--N); pair point=P; markscalefactor=0.005; draw(rightanglemark(C,P,B)); label("$A$", A, dir(point--A)); label("$B$", B, dir(point--B)); label("$C$", C, dir(point--C)); label("$M$", M, S); label("$N$", N, dir(C--A)*dir(90)); label("$s$", B--C, NW);[/asy]$

$\textbf{(A)}\ s\sqrt 2 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \frac 32s\sqrt2 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 2s\sqrt2 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \frac{1}{2}s\sqrt5\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \frac{1}{2}s\sqrt6$

Solution

Problem 22

In a narrow alley of width $w$ a ladder of length a is placed with its foot at point P between the walls. Resting against one wall at $Q$ , the distance k above the ground makes a $45^\circ$ angle with the ground. Resting against the other wall at $R$ , a distance h above the ground, the ladder makes a $75^\circ$ angle with the ground. The width $w$ is equal to

$\textbf{(A)}\ a\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ RQ\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ k\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \frac{h+k}{2}\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ h$

Solution

Problem 23

The lengths of the sides of a triangle are consecutive integers, and the largest angle is twice the smallest angle. The cosine of the smallest angle is

$\textbf{(A)}\ \frac{3}{4}\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \frac{7}{10}\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \frac{2}{3}\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \frac{9}{14}\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \text{none of these}$

Solution

Problem 24

In the adjoining figure, the circle meets the sides of an equilateral triangle at six points. If $AG=2, GF=13, FC=1$ , and $HJ=7$ , then $DE$ equals

$[asy] defaultpen(fontsize(10)); real r=sqrt(22); pair B=origin, A=16*dir(60), C=(16,0), D=(10-r,0), E=(10+r,0), F=C+1*dir(120), G=C+14*dir(120), H=13*dir(60), J=6*dir(60), O=circumcenter(G,H,J); dot(A^^B^^C^^D^^E^^F^^G^^H^^J); draw(Circle(O, abs(O-D))^^A--B--C--cycle, linewidth(0.7)); label("$A$", A, N); label("$B$", B, dir(210)); label("$C$", C, dir(330)); label("$D$", D, SW); label("$E$", E, SE); label("$F$", F, dir(170)); label("$G$", G, dir(250)); label("$H$", H, SE); label("$J$", J, dir(0)); label("2", A--G, dir(30)); label("13", F--G, dir(180+30)); label("1", F--C, dir(30)); label("7", H--J, dir(-30));[/asy]$

$\textbf {(A)}\ 2\sqrt{22} \qquad \textbf {(B)}\ 7\sqrt{3} \qquad \textbf {(C)}\ 9 \qquad \textbf {(D)}\ 10 \qquad \textbf {(E)}\ 13$

Solution

Problem 25

The adjacent map is part of a city: the small rectangles are rocks, and the paths in between are streets. Each morning, a student walks from intersection $A$ to intersection $B$ , always walking along streets shown, and always going east or south. For variety, at each intersection where he has a choice, he chooses with probability $\frac{1}{2}$ whether to go east or south. Find the probability that through any given morning, he goes through $C$ .

$[asy] defaultpen(linewidth(0.7)+fontsize(8)); size(250); path p=origin--(5,0)--(5,3)--(0,3)--cycle; path q=(5,19)--(6,19)--(6,20)--(5,20)--cycle; int i,j; for(i=0; i<5; i=i+1) { for(j=0; j<6; j=j+1) { draw(shift(6*i, 4*j)*p); }} clip((4,2)--(25,2)--(25,21)--(4,21)--cycle); fill(q^^shift(18,-16)*q^^shift(18,-12)*q, black); label("A", (6,19), SE); label("B", (23,4), NW); label("C", (23,8), NW); draw((26,11.5)--(30,11.5), Arrows(5)); draw((28,9.5)--(28,13.5), Arrows(5)); label("N", (28,13.5), N); label("W", (26,11.5), W); label("E", (30,11.5), E); label("S", (28,9.5), S);[/asy]$

$\textbf{(A)}\ \frac{11}{32}\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \frac{1}{2}\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \frac{4}{7}\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \frac{21}{32}\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \frac{3}{4}$

Solution

Problem 26

If the base $8$ representation of a perfect square is $ab3c$ , where $a\ne 0$ , then $c$ equals

$\textbf{(A)}\ 0\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 1 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 3\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 4\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \text{not uniquely determined}$

Solution

Problem 27

Suppose $z=a+bi$ is a solution of the polynomial equation $c_4z^4+ic_3z^3+c_2z^2+ic_1z+c_0=0,$ where $c_0, c_1, c_2, c_3, a,$ and $b$ are real constants and $i^2=-1.$ Which of the following must also be a solution?

$\textbf{(A)}\ -a-bi\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ a-bi\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ -a+bi\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ b+ai \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \text{none of these}$

Solution

Problem 28

A set of consecutive positive integers beginning with $1$ is written on a blackboard. One number is erased. The average (arithmetic mean) of the remaining numbers is $35\frac{7}{17}$ . What number was erased?

$\textbf{(A)}\ 6\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 7 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 8 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 9\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \text{cannot be determined}$

Solution

Problem 29

Let $x,y$ , and $z$ be three positive real numbers whose sum is $1$ . If no one of these numbers is more than twice any other, then the minimum possible value of the product $xyz$ is

$\textbf{(A)}\ \frac{1}{32}\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ \frac{1}{36}\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ \frac{4}{125}\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ \frac{1}{127}\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \text{none of these}$

Solution

Problem 30

Find the units digit of the decimal expansion of

$(15 + \sqrt{220})^{19} + (15 + \sqrt{220})^{82}$ .

$\textbf{(A)}\ 0\qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 2\qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 5\qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 9\qquad \textbf{(E)}\ \text{none of these}$

Solution

@@ Line 453: / Line 453: @@
 == Problem 28 ==
-A set of consecutive positive integers beginning with <math>1</math> is written on a blackboard.
+A set of consecutive positive integers beginning with <math>1</math> is written on a blackboard. One number is erased. The average (arithmetic mean) of the remaining numbers is <math>35\frac{7}{17}</math>. What number was erased?
-One number is erased. The average (arithmetic mean) of the remaining numbers is <math>35\frac{7}{17}</math>. What number was erased?
 <math>\textbf{(A)}\ 6\qquad
@@ Line 463: / Line 462: @@
 [[1982 AHSME Problems/Problem 28|Solution]]
 == Problem 29 ==

1982 AHSME (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by 1981 AHSME	Followed by 1983 AHSME
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Difference between revisions of "1982 AHSME Problems"

Revision as of 02:17, 10 September 2021

Contents

Problem 1

Problem 2

Problem 3

Problem 4

Problem 5

Problem 6

Problem 7

Problem 8

Problem 9

Problem 10

Problem 11

Problem 12

Problem 13

Problem 14

Problem 15

Problem 16

Problem 17

Problem 18

Problem 19

Problem 20

Problem 21

Problem 22

Problem 23

Problem 24

Problem 25

Problem 26

Problem 27

Problem 28

Problem 29

Problem 30

See also