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Difference between revisions of "2010 AMC 12B Problems/Problem 25"

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== Solution ==  
 
== Solution ==  
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Because 67 is the largest prime factor of 2010, it means that in the prime factorization of <math>\prod_{n=2}^{5300}\text{pow}(n)</math>, there'll be <math>p_1 ^{e_1} \cdot p_2 ^{e_2} \cdot .... 67^x ...</math> where <math>x</math> is the desired value we are looking for. Thus, to find this answer, we need to look for the number of times 67 would be incorporated into the giant product.  
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Because 67 is the largest prime factor of 2010, it means that in the prime factorization of <math>\prod_{n=2}^{5300}\text{pow}(n)</math>, there'll be <math>p_1 ^{e_1} \cdot p_2 ^{e_2} \cdot .... 67^x ...</math> where <math>x</math> is the desired value we are looking for. Thus, to find this answer, we need to look for the number of times <math>67</math> is incorporated into the giant product.
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Any number of the form <math>x \cdot 67</math> would fit this form. However, this number tops at <math>71 = x</math> because 71 is a higher prime than 67. <math>67^2</math> itself must be counted twice because it is a squared number. Any non-prime number that's less than 79 (and greater than 71) can be counted, and this totals 5. We have <math>70</math> numbers (as 71 isn't counted - 1 through 70), an additional <math>1</math> (<math>67^2</math>), and <math>6</math> values just greater than <math>71</math> but less than <math>79</math> (72, 74, 75, 76, 77, and 78). Thus, <math>70 + 1 + 6 = \boxed{77} \Rightarrow \boxed{D}</math>
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All numbers <math>n=67 \cdot x</math>, given <math>x = p_1 ^ {e_1} \cdot p_2 ^{e^2} \cdot ... \cdot p_m ^ {e_m}</math> such that for any integer <math>x</math> between <math>1</math> and <math>m</math>, prime <math>p_x</math> must be less than <math>67</math>, contributes a 67 to the product. Considering <math>67 \cdot 79 < 5300 < 67 \cdot 80</math>, the possible values of x are <math>1,2,...,70,72,...78</math>, since <math>x=71,79</math> are primes that are greater than 67. However, <math>\text{pow}\left(67^2\right)</math> contributes two <math>67</math>s to the product, so we must count it twice. Therefore, the answer is <math>70 + 1 + 6 = \boxed{77} \Rightarrow \boxed{D}</math>.
  
 
== Similar Solution ==
 
== Similar Solution ==

Revision as of 22:01, 22 November 2016

Problem 25

For every integer $n\ge2$, let $\text{pow}(n)$ be the largest power of the largest prime that divides $n$. For example $\text{pow}(144)=\text{pow}(2^4\cdot3^2)=3^2$. What is the largest integer $m$ such that $2010^m$ divides

$\prod_{n=2}^{5300}\text{pow}(n)$?


$\textbf{(A)}\ 74 \qquad \textbf{(B)}\ 75 \qquad \textbf{(C)}\ 76 \qquad \textbf{(D)}\ 77 \qquad \textbf{(E)}\ 78$

Solution

Because 67 is the largest prime factor of 2010, it means that in the prime factorization of $\prod_{n=2}^{5300}\text{pow}(n)$, there'll be $p_1 ^{e_1} \cdot p_2 ^{e_2} \cdot .... 67^x ...$ where $x$ is the desired value we are looking for. Thus, to find this answer, we need to look for the number of times $67$ is incorporated into the giant product.

All numbers $n=67 \cdot x$, given $x = p_1 ^ {e_1} \cdot p_2 ^{e^2} \cdot ... \cdot p_m ^ {e_m}$ such that for any integer $x$ between $1$ and $m$, prime $p_x$ must be less than $67$, contributes a 67 to the product. Considering $67 \cdot 79 < 5300 < 67 \cdot 80$, the possible values of x are $1,2,...,70,72,...78$, since $x=71,79$ are primes that are greater than 67. However, $\text{pow}\left(67^2\right)$ contributes two $67$s to the product, so we must count it twice. Therefore, the answer is $70 + 1 + 6 = \boxed{77} \Rightarrow \boxed{D}$.

Similar Solution

After finding the prime factorization of $2010=2\cdot3\cdot5\cdot67$, divide $5300$ by $67$ and add $5300$ divided by $67^2$ in order to find the total number of multiples of $67$ between $2$ and $5300$. $\lfloor\frac{5300}{67}\rfloor+\lfloor\frac{5300}{67^2}\rfloor=80$ Since $71$,$73$, and $79$ are prime numbers greater than $67$ and less than or equal to $80$, subtract $3$ from $80$ to get the answer $80-3=\boxed{77}\Rightarrow\boxed{D}$.

Need Discussion and Clarification

How do we know that we only have to check 67? There is no solid relationship between 67 being the largest prime factor in 2010 and 67 giving the smallest result of 77. Details in the Discussions page of this Article: http://artofproblemsolving.com/wiki/index.php?title=Talk:2010_AMC_12B_Problems/Problem_25

See Also

2010 AMC 12B (Problems • Answer Key • Resources)
Preceded by
Problem 24 		Followed by
Last Problem
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All AMC 12 Problems and Solutions

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